TuMV management for brassica crops through host resistance: retrospect and prospects

Abstract

Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV), the only potyvirus known to infect brassicas, is a devastating virus threatening many economically important brassica crops, including cabbage, Chinese cabbage, oilseed rape and mustard. TuMV disease, which was first discovered in the United States, is now found worldwide, especially in Europe, Asia and North America. TuMV results in a yield loss of up to 70% and has a wide host range, infecting most cruciferous plants, as well as many non-cruciferous species. This virus is also characterized by high pathotype diversity because of its highly variable genome structure and has been divided into 12 pathotypes. These characteristics, as well as its nonpersistent transmission mode by as many as 89 aphid species, mean the disease is difficult to prevent through traditional methods such as the application of chemicals, prompting researchers to seek host resistance for effective control. During the last decade, extensive studies have been conducted to investigate inheritance, mapping and cloning of the TuMV resistance genes, and several NB-LRR-or eIF-encoding loci with divergent molecular mechanisms have been uncovered. These studies have greatly facilitated resistance breeding for brassica crops and have advanced our understanding of virusÀhost interactions.

Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) Biology, Management, and Relevance to GM Plant Detection for Sustainable Organic Agriculture

“…CaMV is a widespread virus in temperate regions and can cause significant loss in Brassicaceae crops, especially in cases of coinfection with other viruses (Shepherd, 1981;Sutic et al, 1999;Spence et al, 2007;Li et al, 2019). CaMV incidence can easily exceed 70%, and subsequent yields may be reduced up to 20-50% (Shepherd, 1981;Sutic et al, 1999).…”

Soybean antiviral immunity conferred by dsRNase targets the viral replication complex

“…Potyviruses are transmitted by aphids, and their genome encodes a large polyprotein that is processed into ten or eleven proteins 4 . To protect from potyviruses, resistance genes have been introduced into many crop cultivars such as potato 5 , pepper 6 , papaya 7 , plum 8 , Brassica crops 9 , and legumes 10 .…”

Respiratory Burst Oxidase Homologs RBOHD and RBOHF as Key Modulating Components of Response in Turnip Mosaic Virus—Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heyhn System

“…In addition, these resistant genotypes displayed apparent necrosis, typical of the HR-like reaction, with characteristic rebuilding of cell walls and deposition of phenolic-like compounds inside xylem elements. The commonly accepted hypothesis predicts that the suppression of virus spread and multiplication during HR is due to the necrosis, which leads to virus resistance [ 55 ]. H 2 O 2 has been identified as a key signaling molecule promoting HR-cell death [ 44 ], with the contribution of NADPH oxidases (in Arabidopsis RbohD and RbohF) as the usual source of ROS defense-related ROS generation [ 31 , 36 , 56 , 57 ].…”