Tumours involving the brachial plexus in seven dogs

Carmichael, S. W.; Griffiths, IR

doi:10.1136/vr.108.20.435

Cited by 37 publications

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“…Pet Clinic ANIHOS, 1-14-11 Minamitokiwadai, Itabashi, Tokyo 174-0072, 2) Animal Medical Center, 3) Comprehensive Veterinary Clinical Studies, 4) Veterinary Pathology, 5) Veterinary Physiology and 6) Preventive Veterinary Medicine ABSTRACT. A 10-year-old female mongrel cat with back pain was brought to the Nihon University Animal Medical Center.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor arising from the Spinal Canal in a Cat

et al. 2007

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Comprehensive Veterinary Clinical Studies,4) Veterinary Pathology, 5) Veterinary Physiology and 6) Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-8510, Japan (Received 17 August 2006/Accepted 22 February 2007 ABSTRACT. A 10-year-old female mongrel cat with back pain was brought to the Nihon University Animal Medical Center. Palpation demonstrated a mass in the back region. Radiography revealed partial destruction of the processus spinosus and the arch of the T8 and T9 vertebrae. On magnetic resonance imaging, the mass was found to have compressed the spinal cord and extended to the outside of the spinal canal. We performed extirpation of the mass, and confirmed that it arose from the spinal canal. Histopathologically, the mass was a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor. KEY WORDS: feline, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, MRI.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 69(6): 683-686, 2007 There is considerable confusion concerning the nomenclature of tumors deriving from the peripheral nerve sheath. Histologically, such tumors are classified into categories of benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors (schwannoma and neurofibroma) and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (malignant schwannoma and neurofibrosarcoma) [8].There have been relatively few studies on feline peripheral nerve sheath tumors arising from the spinal canal, and malignant cases of this tumor are even rarer [1,8,9,19]. We encountered a cat with a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor arising from the spinal canal. We evaluated the clinical signs, radiography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, surgery, and postoperative course.A 10-year-old female mongrel cat, weighing 2.14 kg, with back pain was brought to the Nihon University Animal Medical Center. The cat had been unhealthy with anorexia and constipation for 1 month, and was taken to a local veterinarian. The cat had suffered from back pain for 1 week. A mass was detected in the region of the back, and the cat was referred to our hospital for diagnosis and treatment.On initial examination, the body temperature was 40.3°C, and the heart and respiratory rates were 212/min and 40/ min, respectively. Hematological examination demonstrated slight increases in liver enzyme levels (alanine aminotransferase, 156 U/L; aspartate aminotransferase, 116 U/ L). Neurologically, the cat could walk, and all postural reactions were within the normal ranges. Spinal reflexes and deep pain were normal in both the thoracic and pelvic limbs. The cranial nerves were normal. Radiography revealed partial destruction of the T8 vertebral processus spinosus on the caudal side, T9 vertebral processus spinosus on the cranial side and T9 vertebral arch, between which hyperlucency was observed (Fig. 1).MRI (FlexArt, Toshiba, Tokyo, 1.5T) demonstrated a mass, measuring about 2.5-3 cm, on the back of the T8-9 vertebrae. T1-weighted imaging (TR=500 msec, TE=15 msec, FA 90°, NAQ 1) of the mas...

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confidence: 99%

“…Metastases of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors to lungs have been reported in dogs, while in goats, this tumor in the thoracic vertebrae developed systemic metastases [3,9,18,20,22]. Among tumors in the nervous system, the malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor is rare in cats, and there have been no reports on its metastasis [1,2,8,9,19].…”

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confidence: 99%

Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor arising from the Spinal Canal in a Cat

et al. 2007

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“…At present, surgery is considered the treatment of choice. 4,[8][9][10][11][12] However, the overall prognosis for surgical management of canine PNSTs involving the brachial plexus or its roots is deemed unsatisfactory, with a median survival time of 12 months in dogs affected by plexus tumours and of 5 months for root tumours. 5 Tumour recurrence occurs in 78% of cases, with a relapse-free interval of 7.5 months for surgically treated dogs for plexus tumours and of 1 month for plexus and root tumours.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frameless stereotactic volumetric modulated arc radiotherapy of brachial plexus tumours in dogs: 10 cases

Dolera¹,

Malfassi²,

Bianchi³

et al. 2017

BJR

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Objective: Treatment of canine peripheral nerve sheath tumours (PNSTs) is challenging and prognosis after surgical resection is considered poor. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of stereotactic radiotherapy (RT) of these tumours. Methods: 10 dogs with clinical symptoms and MRI findings consistent with PNSTs of the brachial plexus, branches and nerve roots were treated with linear accelerator-based volumetric-modulated arc radiotherapy (VMAT) with a dose of 35 Gy/5 fractions. Clinical and MRI follow-up examinations were planned and radiotoxicity and survival times were investigated. Results: Tumours involved the plexus and proximal nerves in three dogs, the plexus, proximal nerves and nerve roots in five dogs and the nerve roots and proximal nerves in two dogs. Partial response and partial or complete reductions of neurological deficits were observed in all the treated dogs. Local recurrence was observed in 9/10 of treated dogs. No symptom directly referable to radiotoxicity was observed. Mean overall survival of 371 6 30 days [95% confidence interval (CI) of (315-427)] and mean progression-free survival of 240 6 30 days (95% CI of 188-291) from this work are comparable with surgical literature data regarding the plexus and proximal nerve localization, but are superior in comparison with nerve root localization. Conclusion: VMAT can be a safe and viable alternative to surgery in cases of canine brachial plexus PNSTs involving the proximal nerves and nerve roots. Advances in knowledge: To our knowledge, this is the first prospective observational clinical study regarding VMAT stereotactic RT treatment for canine brachial plexus PNSTs and suggests that VMAT may achieve at least similar clinical outcome than surgery in a safer way.

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“…Clinical changes progress slowly and usually affect a single limb, but when the tumour spreads to the vertebral canal, neurological deficits may be observed in all limbs. The most frequent clinical symptoms include limb lameness, muscle atrophy, neurological deficits, impaired deep sensibility and absence of proprioceptive positioning response (Carmichael and Griffiths 1981;Brehm et al 1995). According to some reports, chronic unilateral lameness and atrophy of thoracic limb muscles were noted in 78.4% of patients and in 12 out of 13 examined dogs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many of them metastasise to distant tissues or infect surrounding tissues. Prognosis is guarded or poor even after limb amputation because these tumours have a tendency to recur from the remaining nerve cells (Carmichael and Griffiths 1981;Brehm et al 1995).…”

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Diagnosis of a brachial plexus tumour using magnetic resonance imaging assisted by fine-needle aspiration biopsy in a dog: a case report

Zhalniarovich¹,

Adamiak²,

Holak³

et al. 2014

Vet. Med. - Czech

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ABSTRACT:This study describes a case of a six-year-old female crossbreed dog that had a three months history of progressive right thoracic limb lameness. Palpation revealed muscle atrophy of the scapular and humeral area and painfulness in this region. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed in T1-and T2-weighted and STIR (short inversion recovery) sequences in sagittal and transverse planes. The masses around the scapula and humerus were heterogeneously hyper-intense in STIR and measured about 9 cm. The tumour was heterogeneously iso-intense relatively to the surrounding tissues in T-2 weighted Gradient Echo and Spin Echo sequences. After MRI fine needle aspiration of a central part of the tumour was performed. The biopsy revealed multiple round cells with very little cytoplasm and fusiform cells in which the cytoplasm created protrusions. Cells were arranged in rows or formed a homogeneous cell mass. A malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour was diagnosed cytologically.

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Tumours involving the brachial plexus in seven dogs

Cited by 37 publications

References 0 publications

Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor arising from the Spinal Canal in a Cat

Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor arising from the Spinal Canal in a Cat

Frameless stereotactic volumetric modulated arc radiotherapy of brachial plexus tumours in dogs: 10 cases

Diagnosis of a brachial plexus tumour using magnetic resonance imaging assisted by fine-needle aspiration biopsy in a dog: a case report

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