Tumours have a lot of nerve

Seton-Rogers, Sarah

doi:10.1038/nrc3583

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Traditionally, the idea that there is no nerve distribution in cancer tissue has been changed with expanding research. Many studies have confirmed that neuronal innervation of tumours, as one of the tumour microenvironment components, plays an important role in the occurrence and development of tumours 12,28,29 . Seifert et al 30 used immunohistochemical staining to detect a neuron-like structure with vasoactive intestinal peptide activity in bladder cancer tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Chronic stress promotes gastric cancer progression and metastasis: an essential role for ADRB2

et al. 2019

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An increasing number of studies indicate that adrenergic signalling plays a fundamental role in chronic stress-induced tumour progression and metastasis. However, its function in gastric cancer (GC) and its potential mechanisms remain unknown. The expression levels of β-adrenergic receptor (ADRB) in GC cell lines were examined by using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting. The effects of β2 adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) activation and blockade were investigated in vitro in GC cells by using proliferation, migration, invasion, cell cycle and apoptosis assays. Chronic restraint stress (CRS) increased the plasma levels of catecholamines and cortisol and also induced progression and metastasis of GC in vivo. Furthermore, immunohistochemical staining and a TUNEL assay were employed to observe the regulation of cell viability in vivo. The expression levels of ADRB2 in 100 human GC samples were measured by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. The stress hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine significantly accelerated GC cell proliferation, invasion and viability in culture, as well as tumour growth in vivo. These effects were reversed by the ADRB antagonists propranolol and ICI118,551 (an ADRB2-specific antagonist). Moreover, the selective ADRB1 antagonist atenolol had almost no effect on tumour cell proliferation and invasion in vitro and in vivo. ADRB2 antagonists suppressed proliferation, invasion and metastasis by inhibiting the ERK1/2-JNK-MAPK pathway and transcription factors, such as NF-κB, AP-1, CREB and STAT3. Analysis of xenograft models using GC cells revealed that ADRB2 antagonists significantly inhibited tumour growth and metastasis, and chronic stress antagonized these inhibitory effects. In addition, chronic stress increased the expression of VEGF, MMP-2, MMP-7 and MMP-9 in transplanted tumour tissue, and catecholamine hormones enhanced the expression of metastasis-related proteins. The expression of ADRB2 was upregulated in tumour tissues and positively correlated with tumour size, histological grade, lymph node metastasis and clinical stage in human GC samples. Stress hormone-induced activation of the ADRB2 signalling pathway plays a crucial role in GC progression and metastasis. These findings indicate that ADRB2 signalling regulates GC progression and suggest β2 blockade as a novel strategy to complement existing therapies for GC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Female BALB/c nude mice, 4–5 weeks old, were purchased from the Department of Laboratory Animal Centre of Nanjing Medical University. We used female mice only because male mice were homozygous in one cage and were considered to be under stress conditions 29 . All mice were maintained under specific pathogen-free conditions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic stress promotes gastric cancer progression and metastasis: an essential role for ADRB2

et al. 2019

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Denervation leads to volume regression in breast cancer

Kappos

Engels

Tremp

et al. 2018

Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery

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The nervous system plays a key role in controlling the dynamic functions of multicellular complex organisms. Although peripheral nerves are supposed to play a pivotal role in tumor growth and dissemination, little experimental evidence exists to date. We assessed the effect of denervation on breast cancer growth by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in rats. Human breast cancer cells were implanted into adipofascial flaps with intact or surgically excised supplying nerve. Tumor volumes were measured 2 and 8 weeks after implantation by in vivo MRI. Results were validated by histology. Postoperative tumor volumes at 2 and 8 weeks were reduced by 76% (95% CI: 22-93%) in the denervated groups. Tumor area as determined histologically was reduced by 70% (95% CI: 60-78%). Thus, peripheral denervation may be an effective surgical approach for the palliative treatment of locally progressing or uncontrollable breast cancer.

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