Tumour necrosis factor-  production during cytomegalovirus infection in immunosuppressed rats

Haagmans, Bart L.; Eertwegh, Alfons J.M. van den; Claassen, E.; Horzinek, Marian C.; Schijns, Virgil E. C. J.

doi:10.1099/0022-1317-75-4-779

Cited by 24 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…This was probably due to the fact that clinically healthy animals were used. Similar findings have been reported by other authors for a number of species [5,12]. Positive immunoreactivity to IL-1β was observed not only in monocyte-macrophages but also in other stromal cells including fibroblasts and muscle cells.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Detection of monokines in paraffin-embedded tissues of pigs using polyclonal antibodies

Salguero

Mekonnen²,

Ruíz-Villamor³

et al. 2001

Vet. Res.

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-Monokines are glycoproteins, synthesised by macrophages, which exert various effects on the organism. The most important monokines are interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-6. This paper reports on immunohistochemical techniques developed for the detection of IL-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in fixed and paraffin-embedded pig tissues (spleen, lymph nodes, thymus, liver and kidney). Different fixatives (buffered formalin, acetic formalin, paraformadehyde-lysine-periodate and Bouin solution), and antigen unmasking techniques (permeabilisation with Tween 20, pronase enzymatic digestion and microwave-citrate buffer) were used. We describe different protocols for detection of monokines using polyclonal antibodies against the studied monokines. No signal was obtained with monoclonal antibodies against pig-TNF-α and human IL-1α. Bouin solution was shown to be the best fixative for immunohistochemical detection of IL-1α, TNF-α, and IL-6, using permeabilisation with Tween 20 as an unmasking antigen method. Acetic formalin was shown to be the best fixative for IL-1β detection, not needing antigen retrieval techniques. Macrophages were identified as the main cytokine-producing cells, although other types of cells also stained positively to some cytokines. These techniques represent valuable tools for studies of the pathogenesis of viral and bacterial diseases, and of the immune system of the pigs. pig / cytokine / polyclonal antibody / macrophageRésumé -Détection de monokines dans des tissus de porc fixés dans la paraffine en utilisant des anticorps polyclonaux. Les monokines sont des glycoprotéines synthétisées par les macrophages, qui exercent différents effets sur l'organisme. Les monokines les plus importantes sont l'interleukine (IL)-1α, l'IL-1β, le facteur de nécrose tumorale (TNF)-α et l'IL-6. Ce travail rapporte des techniques immunohistochimiques permettant la détection de monokines dans les tissus du porc fixés dans la paraffine (rate, nodule lymphatique, thymus, foie et rein). Différents fixateurs (formol tamponné, formol acétique, paraformaldéhyde-lysine-periodate et la solution de Bouin), et des techniques pour Vet. Res. 32 (2001) [601][602][603][604][605][606][607][608][609] 601

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Detection of monokines in paraffin-embedded tissues of pigs using polyclonal antibodies

Salguero

Mekonnen²,

Ruíz-Villamor³

et al. 2001

Vet. Res.

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“…2 a). In contrast, TNF-α levels gradually increased after RCMV infection but remained low in uninfected rats (Haagmans et al, 1994 b). These data suggest the in vivo production of factor(s) which inhibit IL-1 bioactivity and\or its synthesis.…”

Section: Detection Of Il-1 Production In Rcmv-infected Immunosuppressmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…2 b). Remarkably, at day 7 p.i., when rats had high concentrations of virus antigen in the spleen, liver, kidneys and lungs (Haagmans et al, 1994 a), the sera of RCMV-infected rats were devoid of IL-1 bioactivity ( 0n5 U\ml, n l 8) while in the control rats values of 1n4p0n4 U\ml (n l 6) were measured (Fig. 2 a).…”

Section: Detection Of Il-1 Production In Rcmv-infected Immunosuppressmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Transforming growth factor beta production during rat cytomegalovirus infection.

Haagmans

Teerds²,

Raaij³

et al. 1997

Journal of General Virology

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“…It is a pro-inflammatory cytokine whose levels can rise dramatically during local acute immune responses. A 10-fold increase in serum is frequently found, and even 100-fold increases are seen during sepsis (Damas et al 1992;Haagmans et al 1994;Galic et al 2008). Produced by immune cells such as monocytes, T-lymphocytes and phagocytes, TNF-a can activate neutrophils and macrophages, control the recruitment of immune agents from the blood and regulate the permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to soluble molecules (Deli et al 1995;Rosenberg et al 1995;Bechmann et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epileptogenesis due to glia-mediated synaptic scaling

Savin

Triesch

Meyer‐Hermann

2008

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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Homeostatic regulation of neuronal activity is fundamental for the stable functioning of the cerebral cortex. One form of homeostatic synaptic scaling has been recently shown to be mediated by glial cells that interact with neurons through the diffusible messenger tumour necrosis factor-a (TNF-a). Interestingly, TNF-a is also used by the immune system as a proinflammatory messenger, suggesting potential interactions between immune system signalling and the homeostatic regulation of neuronal activity. We present the first computational model of neuron-glia interaction in TNF-a-mediated synaptic scaling. The model shows how under normal conditions the homeostatic mechanism is effective in balancing network activity. After chronic immune activation or TNF-a overexpression by glia, however, the network develops seizure-like activity patterns. This may explain why under certain conditions brain inflammation increases the risk of seizures. Additionally, the model shows that TNF-a diffusion may be responsible for epileptogenesis after localized brain lesions.

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Tumour necrosis factor- production during cytomegalovirus infection in immunosuppressed rats

Cited by 24 publications

References 27 publications

Detection of monokines in paraffin-embedded tissues of pigs using polyclonal antibodies

Detection of monokines in paraffin-embedded tissues of pigs using polyclonal antibodies

Transforming growth factor beta production during rat cytomegalovirus infection.

Epileptogenesis due to glia-mediated synaptic scaling

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