Tumour markers in breast cancer

Cove, D.H.; Woods, K L; Smith, Sue C.; Burnett, David; Leonard, J. C.; Grieve, Rachel; Howell, Anthony

doi:10.1038/bjc.1979.251

Cited by 32 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Among these are several proteins potentially implicated in breast cancer such as L-plastin, STAT1, haptoglobin, and thymidine phosphorylase. 5,7,14,29 Proteins that are known to be involved in the regulation of the cytoskeleton are also prominent in this list. These include L-plastin, moesin, gelsolin, and talin.…”

Section: Size-resolved Differential Profiling Of Tumor Versus Clinicamentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteome Profiling of Breast Tumors by Gel Electrophoresis and Nanoscale Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

et al. 2008

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We have conducted proteome-wide analysis of fresh surgery specimens derived from breast cancer patients, using an approach that integrates size-based intact protein fractionation, nanoscale liquid separation of peptides, electrospray ion trap mass spectrometry, and bioinformatics. Through this approach, we have acquired a large amount of peptide fragmentation spectra from size-resolved fractions of the proteomes of several breast tumors, tissue peripheral to the tumor, and samples from patients undergoing noncancer surgery. Label-free quantitation was used to generate protein abundance maps for each proteome and perform comparative analyses. The mass spectrometry data revealed distinct qualitative and quantitative patterns distinguishing the tumors from healthy tissue as well as differences between metastatic and non-metastatic human breast cancers including many established and potential novel candidate protein biomarkers. Selected proteins were evaluated by Western blotting using tumors grouped according to histological grade, size, and receptor expression but differing in nodal status. Immunohistochemical analysis of a wide panel of breast tumors was conducted to assess expression in different types of breast cancers and the cellular distribution of the candidate proteins. These experiments provided further insights and an independent validation of the data obtained by mass spectrometry and revealed the potential of this approach for establishing multimodal markers for early metastasis, therapy outcomes, prognosis, and diagnosis in the future.

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Section: Size-resolved Differential Profiling Of Tumor Versus Clinicamentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteome Profiling of Breast Tumors by Gel Electrophoresis and Nanoscale Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

et al. 2008

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“…Combinations of serum markers, including carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), have been investigated in an attempt to increase the sensitivity of detecting metastases (Franchimont et al, 1976; Coombes et al., 1988;Cowen et al, 1978;Cove et al, 1979). Very few studies have looked at combinations in measuring response to therapy.…”

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Continuous chemotherapy in responsive metastatic breast cancer: a role for tumour markers?

Dixon

Jackson²,

Chan³

et al. 1993

Br J Cancer

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Summary A biochemical response index comprising ESR, CEA and CA 15.3 was evaluated in 67 patients with systemic breast cancer treated by chemotherapy; 55 were assessable by UICC criteria and the response index (96% of all UICC assessable patients). Marker changes at 2 and 4 months showed a highly significant correlation with the UICC assessed response at 3 and 6 months (P<0.001); sensitivity 100%, specificity 87%; positive predictive value 85%; negative predictive value 100%.This index was then used to select out truly responsive patients and to prospectively direct their chemotherapy. Twenty-six responding (biochemical/clinical) patients were randomised to discontinue cytotoxics after 6 months and move to maintenance hormones (n = 13) or continue chemotherapy whilst the biochemical markers kept falling or remained within the normal range. Biochemical progression prompted a change of chemotherapy. Continuous chemotherapy in biochemically defined responders was associated with a significant lengthening of remission duration and an improved quality of life and survival. We are now using the index to routinely direct chemotherapy and select out true responders for maintenance chemotherapy.As yet there is no single ideal tumour marker for breast cancer and no established role. Combinations of serum markers, including carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), have been investigated in an attempt to increase the sensitivity of detecting metastases (Franchimont et al., 1976; Coombes et al., 1988;Cowen et al., 1978;Cove et al., 1979). Very few studies have looked at combinations in measuring response to therapy. On retrospective and prospective analyses we have shown that changes in CEA, ESR and CA 15.3 individually correlate with therapeutic response in patients with metastatic breast cancer treated by first-line hormones (Williams et al., 1990;Robertson et al., 1992). In a prospective study, 93% of patients were assessable with a sensitivity for response of 92% and specificity 82% (Robertson et al., 1992). This present study examines the index in patients receiving chemotherapy and describes our experience of using objective biochemical assessment to direct individual patient therapies. (British Breast Group, 1974). Comparisons were made between assessments by UICC criteria with a minimum duration of remission or statis disease of 6 months and the changes in the biochemical markers measured at 6-8 and 12-16 weeks. In analysing the correlation between biochemical marker movement and UICC assessed response, objective responders and static disease were combined into a non-progressive disease group and compared with those patients that showed disease progression. Patients and methods SixtyBiochemical assessment of response The biochemical score was calculated in the same manner as described for the first-line endocrine studies (Williams et al., 1990;Robertson et al., 1992). Namely, any change in marker whilst the patient is on therapy is related to the pretreatment value. A cut-off for each marker of the mean + 2 s.d. of the nor...

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“…Combinations of tumour markers, including carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), have been investigated to increase the sensitivity of detecting metastases by biological markers (Franchimont et al, 1976;Coombes et al, 1977a;Coombes et al, 1977b;Cowen et al, 1978;Cove et al, 1979;Coombes et al, 1981;Bezwoda et al, 1981). A much smaller number of studies have reported on the use of CEA in combination with other biological markers in measuring response (Woo et al, 1978;Waalkes et al, 1978;Haagensen et al, 1978;Silva et al, 1982).…”

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Objective measurement of therapeutic response in breast cancer using tumour markers

Robertson

Pearson²,

Price³

et al. 1991

Br J Cancer

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Summary In 65 patients with systemic breast cancer, a biochemical response index using three tumour markers in combination, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) and erthrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), allowed objective biochemical assessment of response to endocrine therapy. Changes in these three markers at 2, 4 and 6 months showed a highly significant correlation with UICC assessed response at 6 months. At 4 months, changes in these three markers resulted in a selectivity of 93%, with a sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 82%. Survival of groups of patients assessed biochemically or by UICC criteria for non-progression or progression showed no significant difference.The advantages of the biochemical assessment are that it is objective and reproducible. The assessment gives similar information to the UICC assessment but can be carried out earlier. Changes in the three markers appears to reflect the dynamics of change in tumour mass in response to systemic therapy in contrast to the UICC criteria which reflect structural change.

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Tumour markers in breast cancer

Cited by 32 publications

References 26 publications

Proteome Profiling of Breast Tumors by Gel Electrophoresis and Nanoscale Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

Proteome Profiling of Breast Tumors by Gel Electrophoresis and Nanoscale Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

Continuous chemotherapy in responsive metastatic breast cancer: a role for tumour markers?

Objective measurement of therapeutic response in breast cancer using tumour markers

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