Tumor Size-Dependent Anticancer Efficacy of Chlorin Derivatives for Photodynamic Therapy

Chang, Ji‐Eun; Liu, Yang; Lee, Woo Kyoung; Yoon, Il; Kim, Kwhanmien

doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0073.v1

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Tumor volumes and the body weight of the animals were measured every second day for 15 days after the start of treatment. The long (a) and short (b) diameters of the tumors were measured using slide calipers, and the mean tumor volume was calculated using the formula: ab 2 /2 [26][27][28]. The volume inhibition ratio was calculated as follows: (1-average tumor volume of treated group/ average tumor volume of the control group) Â 100%.…”

Section: Xenograft Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose augments photodynamic therapy induced mitochondrial caspase‐independent apoptosis and energy‐mediated autophagy

et al. 2018

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Objectives Compared to normal cells, malignant cells have a high degree of aerobic glycolysis, also known as the Warburg effect. Therefore, supplementing photodynamic therapy (PDT), an established cancer therapy, with metabolic inhibitors can augment the mitochondrial damage by depleting ATP. To assess the combined impact of the glycolysis inhibitor 2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose (2‐DG) and PDT on apoptosis and autophagy in human breast cancer cells, and examine the molecular basis. Methods Calcium‐AM/PI double staining was used to evaluate cell viability. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondria membrane potential (MMP), nuclear morphology, and autophagosomes were measured using specific fluorescent markers. In addition, translocation of the apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) from the mitochondria to nucleus was imaged by confocal laser scanning microscopy, and DNA fragmentation was measured using PI staining and comet assay. PGC‐1α expression, oxidative phosphorylation, ATP levels, and autophagy related proteins were detected by qRT‐PCR, seahorse bioscience XFP extracellular flux analyzer, and Western blotting, respectively. Results Compared to with either monotherapy, 2‐DG+PDT resulted in significantly higher cytotoxicity in the three breast cancer cell lines (MDA‐MB‐231, MCF‐7, and 4T1), which was consistent with tumor growth regression trends seen in the 4T1 xenograft model. A synergistic augmentation of mitochondrial dysfunction (in terms of ROS generation, MMP loss, and PGC‐1α down‐regulation) and ATP depletion was seen in cells receiving 2‐DG and PDT. In addition, nuclear translocation of AIF and the subsequent DNA damage indicated that the cytotoxic effects were mediated by a caspase‐independent mechanism, which was relieved by the ROS scavenger N‐acetylcysteine. Autophagy via the AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) was also observed following 2‐DG+PDT, and reversed upon pre‐treatment with the autophagy inhibitor 3‐methyladenine. Conclusions The anti‐cancer effects of 2‐DG+PDT are mediated by both mitochondria triggered apoptosis and AMPK‐mediated autophagy. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Xenograft Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose augments photodynamic therapy induced mitochondrial caspase‐independent apoptosis and energy‐mediated autophagy

et al. 2018

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“…CHANG et al (2018) demonstrated the therapeutic efficiency of the two photosensitizers, MPPa and NMPi; in A549 tumor-bearing mice, they evaluated the use of laser irradiations (630 nm) with an output power of 400 mW cm À2 and light dose at 200 J cm À2 . The results suggest that large-size tumors need both higher drug and light doses to allow complete tumor eradication (49). NIKITINA et al (2011) used boronated chlorine as an effective photosensitizer for PDT of tumor models M-1 sarcoma and B-16 melanoma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro Studies of Antitumor Effect, Toxicity/Cytotoxicity and Skin Permeation/Retention of a Green Fluorescence Pyrene‐based Dye for PDT Application

França

Ghasemishahrestani

Souza

et al. 2020

Photochem & Photobiology

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Photosensitizers (PS) are compounds that can generate reactive oxygen species under irradiation of appropriate light and are widely used in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Currently, topical PDT is an effective treatment for several skin diseases, including bacterial infections, fungal mycoses and psoriasis. In addition, PDT is also used to treat nonmelanoma skin cancer and can be a potential tool for melanoma, associated with other treatments. In this work, we evaluated the antitumor photoactivity of a new pyrene‐based PS (TPPy) by using the murine melanoma cell line (B16F10). The in vitro permeation/retention tests in porcine ear skin were also performed in order to evaluate the potential application of the PS for topical use in skin cancer. Moreover, to determine the toxicity in vivo, we used the Galleria mellonella as an alternative animal model of study. The results showed that TPPy is a promising PS for application in PDT, with potential antitumor photoactivity (IC50 6.5 μmol L‐1), absence of toxicity in the G. mellonella model at higher concentration (70.0 mmol L−1) and the accumulation tendency in the epidermis plus dermis sites (165.20 ± 4.12 ng cm−2).

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“…However, there are exceptions, and so far, the association of PDT with surgery has only been used in animals [ 10 ]. PDT activity is influenced by the duration of irradiation and the concentration of photosensitizers [ 11 ]. In PDT, in addition to the light source and PS, the proportion of oxygen is necessary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coordination Complexes as a New Generation Photosensitizer for Photodynamic Anticancer Therapy

Pobłocki

Drzeżdżon

Kostrzewa

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has become an alternative to standard cancer treatment methods such as surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The uniqueness of this method relies on the possibility of using various photosensitizers (PS) that absorb and convert light emission in radical oxygen-derived species (ROS). They can be present alone or in the presence of other compounds such as metal organic frameworks (MOFs), non-tubules or polymers. The interaction between DNA and metal-based complexes plays a key role in the development of new anti-cancer drugs. The use of coordination compounds in PDT has a significant impact on the amount ROS generated, quantum emission efficiency (Φem) and phototoxic index (PI). In this review, we will attempt to systematically review the recent literature and analyze the coordination complexes used as PS in PDT. Finally, we compared the anticancer activities of individual coordination complexes and discuss future perspectives. So far, only a few articles link so many transition metal ion coordination complexes of varying degrees of oxidation, which is why this review is needed by the scientific community to further expand this field worldwide. Additionally, it serves as a convenient collection of important, up-to-date information.

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Tumor Size-Dependent Anticancer Efficacy of Chlorin Derivatives for Photodynamic Therapy

Cited by 6 publications

References 35 publications

2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose augments photodynamic therapy induced mitochondrial caspase‐independent apoptosis and energy‐mediated autophagy

2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose augments photodynamic therapy induced mitochondrial caspase‐independent apoptosis and energy‐mediated autophagy

In vitro Studies of Antitumor Effect, Toxicity/Cytotoxicity and Skin Permeation/Retention of a Green Fluorescence Pyrene‐based Dye for PDT Application

Coordination Complexes as a New Generation Photosensitizer for Photodynamic Anticancer Therapy

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