Tumor Necrosis Factor in Patients with Leptospirosis

Estavoyer, J.M.; Racadot, E; Couetdic, G.; Leroy, J.; Grosperrin, L.

doi:10.1093/clinids/13.6.1245

Cited by 57 publications

(42 citation statements)

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“…Our findings are consistent with existing clinical data. Indeed, elevated plasma concentrations of TNF-␣ have been observed in patients affected by leptospirosis, and correlations were established between high levels of TNF-␣ and the worsening of symptoms (9,25,28).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proinflammatory and Immunomodulatory Cytokine mRNA Time Course Profiles in Hamsters Infected with a Virulent Variant of Leptospirainterrogans

Vernel-Pauillac

Mérien

2006

Infect Immun

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In order to quantify in vivo the mRNAs of cytokines which play important roles in leptospirosis, we have developed quantitative real-time PCR assays for interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, IL-10, IL-12p40, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-␣), gamma interferon (IFN-␥), transforming growth factor ␤, and two housekeeping genes (encoding ␤-actin and hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase). We used a lethal hamster model reflecting severe leptospirosis in humans. The LightCycler system was used to quantify the gene expression levels with the SYBR green I detection format using external standard curves for each target. We compared the expression levels of cytokine mRNA in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of both control (uninfected) hamsters and Leptospira interrogans-inoculated hamsters from 1 to 24 h and then 1 to 4 days postinfection. In this kinetic study, there was pronounced expression of Th1 cytokine mRNA (TNF-␣, IFN-␥, and IL-12), with transcripts being detected as early as 1 h postinfection. Expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-4 and IL-10, was prominent in delayed samples from 1 to 4 days postinfection in response to infection with Leptospira interrogans. Our data are the first to establish that pathogenic leptospires can stimulate in vivo the production of type 1 cytokines involved in cellular immunity by using this informative animal model. Measuring and assessing cytokine profiles may provide a useful method for accurate study of the mechanisms of antiLeptospira immunity, indications of prognosis factors, and prospective evaluation of leptospirosis vaccine efficacy in humans.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proinflammatory and Immunomodulatory Cytokine mRNA Time Course Profiles in Hamsters Infected with a Virulent Variant of Leptospirainterrogans

Vernel-Pauillac

Mérien

2006

Infect Immun

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“…In mice, apoptosis of lymphocytes is elicited by LPS via induction of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-␣) (299). Elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-␣ have been reported in patients with leptospirosis (203).…”

Section: Immune Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptospirosis

2001

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Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonotic infection with a much greater incidence in tropical regions and has now been identified as one of the emerging infectious diseases. The epidemiology of leptospirosis has been modified by changes in animal husbandry, climate, and human behavior. Resurgent interest in leptospirosis has resulted from large outbreaks that have received significant publicity. The development of simpler, rapid assays for diagnosis has been based largely on the recognition that early initiation of antibiotic therapy is important in acute disease but also on the need for assays which can be used more widely. In this review, the complex taxonomy of leptospires, previously based on serology and recently modified by a genotypic classification, is discussed, and the clinical and epidemiological value of molecular diagnosis and typing is also evaluated

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“…Peptidoglycans from pathogenic leptospires are among the molecules that can directly activate vascular endothelial cells to increase their adhesiveness for neutrophilic granulocytes, and may be involved in the mechanism of local and systemic inflammation in leptospirosis [43]. Cytokines, like tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), may also be involved in the pathogenesis of leptospirosis [44]. Significant higher levels of circulating TNF-α are associated with severe leptospiral infection with kidney, liver and lung involvement as compared with patients without these complications [7].…”

Section: Histological Findings and Pathophysiology In Human Pulmonarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathology and pathophysiology of pulmonary manifestations in leptospirosis

Dolhnikoff¹,

Mauad²,

Bethlem³

et al. 2007

Braz J Infect Dis

118

102

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Leptospirosis is a re-emerging zoonosis occurring as large outbreaks throughout the world caused by Leptospira interrogans. The incidence of pulmonary involvement in leptospirosis has been reported to be increasing in the last years, affecting up to 70% of the patients. Alveolar hemorrhage presented as dyspnea and hemoptysis is the main pulmonary manifestation. The emergence of massive hemoptysis and acute respiratory distress syndrome has characterized the recent changes reported in the clinical patterns of leptospirosis. The pulmonary involvement has been emerged as a serious life threat, becoming the main cause of death due to leptospirosis in some countries. In this review we present the main clinical and pathological manifestations of pulmonary involvement in leptospirosis, with special focus on recent data concerning the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying lung injury.

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Tumor Necrosis Factor in Patients with Leptospirosis

Cited by 57 publications

References 0 publications

Proinflammatory and Immunomodulatory Cytokine mRNA Time Course Profiles in Hamsters Infected with a Virulent Variant of Leptospirainterrogans

Proinflammatory and Immunomodulatory Cytokine mRNA Time Course Profiles in Hamsters Infected with a Virulent Variant of Leptospirainterrogans

Leptospirosis

Pathology and pathophysiology of pulmonary manifestations in leptospirosis

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