Tumor Microenvironment in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas

Eskıızmır, Görkem

doi:10.5152/tao.2015.1065

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…Head and neck cancers are the sixth most common type of cancer and comprise a range of malignant neoplasms that affect the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, esophagus, paranasal sinuses, and nasal cavity ( 1 , 2 ). The most common histopathological type of head and neck cancer, diagnosed in about 90% of cases, is squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), a malignant neoplasm that arises from the lining epithelium and is characterized by an aggressive biological behavior and high rates of invasion and metastasis ( 1 , 3 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic and clinicopathological significance of tumor-stroma ratio in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review

Morais¹,

Morais²,

Martins³

et al. 2022

Med Oral

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Background Analysis of the tumor microenvironment has been proposed as a strategy for the treatment and prognosis of different neoplastic processes. A grading system based on the tumor-stroma ratio (TSR), which evaluates the proportion of stroma in relation to neoplastic parenchyma at the invasion front, has shown a strong prognostic value in different neoplastic processes. The aim of the present systematic review was to understand the role of the TSR in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), evaluating its correlation with clinical and prognostic parameters. Material and Methods An electronic search was performed in PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Science Direct, Scopus, Embase, and the Cochrane Collaboration Library. Publications assessing the relationship between TSR and prognosis in cases of HNSCC were eligible. The quality of the studies was assessed independently by four evaluators using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Results After application of the previously es+lished inclusion/exclusion criteria, nine articles were included in the qualitative synthesis. With regards to quality on the Newcastle-Ottawa scale, an overall value of 4.55 was obtained. This systematic review demonstrated a strong association between TSR and prognosis in esophageal and oral squamous cell carcinomas. Conclusions Histopathological analysis of the TSR can optimize the analysis of the prognosis of cases diagnosed with HNSSC. In addition, the TSR is a reliable and simple parameter that can be evaluated in hematoxylin/eosin-stained slides during routine laboratory examinations, showing high inter- and intraobserver agreement. Key words: Head and neck cancer, squamous cell carcinoma, grade prognosis, tumor-stroma ratio.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic and clinicopathological significance of tumor-stroma ratio in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review

Morais¹,

Morais²,

Martins³

et al. 2022

Med Oral

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“…Current evidence suggests that a complex interplay of different molecular and genetic factors determines the clinical behavior and aggressiveness of cancer and consequently its prognosis. [ 2 ] Thus, the response to treatment varies owing to the biological heterogeneity of these tumours. Cancer cells invade tissue and metastasize by degrading the extracellular matrix (ECM).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9, matrix metalloproteinase-13, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1, p16 and differentiation of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A prospective observational study

Soni¹,

Elhence²,

Kaushal³

et al. 2021

Ann Maxillofac Surg

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Introduction: The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), MMP-13, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP-1) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) could be a useful predictor of tumour differentiation, nodal metastasis, and invasiveness. We conducted this study to ascertain the correlation between the expression of these markers and differentiation of tumour cells. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care center. Forty-three cases of proven HNSCC were recruited after obtaining informed consent. Using the surgically excised specimen, tumour differentiation and invasiveness were assessed and correlated with rates of expression of the markers. Chi-square test was done to correlate immunohistochemical (IHC) marker positivity and the degree of differentiation of the tumour, lymph node metastasis, and invasiveness. Results: MMP-9, MMP-13, and TIMP-1 were expressed in 72%, 34%, and 18% of cases, respectively. p16 expression was not found in any of the cases. MMP-13 expression correlated with poorer differentiation of the tumour ( p = 0.03), and relatively younger age at diagnosis ( p = 0.01). However, there was no correlation with lymphovascular or perineural invasion or lymph node metastasis. Discussion: In our study, MMP-13 expression correlated with poorer tumour differentiation and younger age at diagnosis, giving indirect evidence of tumour aggressiveness. IHC markers can provide additional information to prognosticate HNSCC. Identifying potential targets for newer biological therapy is essential in the Indian population as there are biological differences in cancer behavior. Increased expression of the proteolytic MMP-13 correlated with poorer differentiation of HNSCC.

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“…Thereby, it aggravates hypoxia and triggers the generation of hypoxic biomolecules at the microenvironment. 16 Hypoxia may lead to activation of several signalling pathways and production of hypoxia-related biomolecules including hypoxiainducible factors (HIFs), which are also referred to as the 'hypoxia sensors' (Figure 1B). These proteins are transcriptional complexes made of two heterodimers: HIFα andβ.…”

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confidence: 99%

Serum hypoxia‐inducible factor‐2: A candidate prognostic biomarker for laryngeal cancer

Eskıızmır

Koçal

Uysal

et al. 2021

Clinical Otolaryngology

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The twenty-first century is described as the 'age of biomarker discovery' concerning early diagnosis and effective treatment of cancer. 1 However, the biomarker for head and neck cancers (HNCs) is inadequate. Currently, only Human papillomavirus and p16 expression are available for oral and oropharyngeal cancers. 2 Recently, hypoxia-related biomolecules are candidate biomarkers for several cancers.Hypoxia refers to the imbalance between the tissue's demand for oxygen and the supply of oxygen to the tissue. It orchestrates several processes such as tumoural progression and metabolism, chaotic angiogenesis, anoikis resistance and metastasis cascade. [3][4][5][6] Solid tumours are known to have dynamic hypoxic areas with heterogenic

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Tumor Microenvironment in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas

Cited by 7 publications

References 51 publications

Prognostic and clinicopathological significance of tumor-stroma ratio in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review

Prognostic and clinicopathological significance of tumor-stroma ratio in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review

Correlation between the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9, matrix metalloproteinase-13, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1, p16 and differentiation of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A prospective observational study

Serum hypoxia‐inducible factor‐2: A candidate prognostic biomarker for laryngeal cancer

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