Tumor Microenvironment-Directed Multisensitive Nanorobotics for Synergistic Photothermal Therapy/Chemotherapy

Abstract

It is of great significance to design a multifunctional nanotherapeutic agent with flexible and intelligent response performance for a tumor microenvironment. Herein, hollow-structured hCu2–x S@Au derivatives were synthesized for multiswitchable drug release and synergistic photothermal therapy/chemotherapy. The remarkably improved release ratio (over 90%) under higher glutathione concentration and lower pH conditions could be ascribed to the fracture of the disulfide bond and the reduction of force between the drug and nanovehicles. In addition, the shrinking of tetradecanol molecules anchored on the surface of hCu2–x S@Au by near-infrared (NIR) photo-activation could also enhance the release of drugs in the cavity of hCu2–x S@Au. After decorating with Au nanoparticles, the favorable electron transitions endowed hCu2–x S@Au nanoparticles with a high photothermal conversion efficiency, which reaches 36.4% under a NIR laser irradiation of 808 nm. Compared to conventional single/double stimuli-responsive delivery, the proposed multimodal release pattern powerfully overcomes the limitation of insufficient dose as a single/double release unit for a tumor microenvironment was unable to meet the release requirements. After phagocytosis by tumor cells, the continuous release of anticancer drugs facilitated a substantial improvement in the antitumor therapy efficacy by combining chemo- and photothermal therapy in vivo. This design platform can provide a promising strategy for continuous and synergistic tumor therapy.

Anisotropic α-Fe2O3/AgAu/Polydopamine Nanostructures for Photothermally Enhanced Antibacterial Applications

“…According to the previously reported method, the photothermal conversion efficiency of the α-Fe 2 O 3 /Ag 1.7 Au 0.8 /PDA nanospindle is calculated to be 60.69% (Figure f), demonstrating that the product not only exhibits a strong capacity of NIR absorption but also possesses a good conversion of NIR to heating energy. Although the photothermal conversion efficiency of the α-Fe 2 O 3 /Ag 1.7 Au 0.8 /PDA nanospindle is lower than that of gold nanoplates (AuNPTs) (68.5%), it is significantly higher than that of hollow-structured h-Cu 2– x S@Au derivatives (36.4%). , Figure e shows the photothermal heating/cooling recycling of the product with five NIR laser on/off cycles. No critical fluctuation of the temperature curve and maximum value is observed for the five tests, indicating good photothermal stability.…”

“…Although the photothermal conversion efficiency of the α-Fe 2 O 3 /Ag 1.7 Au 0.8 /PDA nanospindle is lower than that of gold nanoplates (AuNPTs) (68.5%), it is significantly higher than that of hollow-structured h-Cu 2−x S@ Au derivatives (36.4%). 49,50 Figure 6e shows the photothermal heating/cooling recycling of the product with five NIR laser on/ off cycles. No critical fluctuation of the temperature curve and maximum value is observed for the five tests, indicating good photothermal stability.…”

Ultrathin Noncontact-Mode Triboelectric Nanogenerator Triggered by Giant Dielectric Material Adaption

“…According to a trend in the development of electronic devices, the demand for portable or implantable microsystems has been triggered by various applications such as wearable sensors, − epidermal electronic devices, and nanorobotics . In addition, in such research, there has been enormous attention paid to alternative power sources that can be incorporated into these devices .…”