Tumor Lysis Syndrome Caused by Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies Approved by FDA

Abstract

there is no tumor specific antigen (TSA) available for target, those antigens chosen as target, they also expressed at normal cells, which inevitably causes various adverse reactions, in this article, tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is briefly reviewed. Editorial In 1975, Monoclonal antibody (mAb) technique was created by Georges Köhler, César Milstein, and Niels Kaj Jerne by using mouse x mouse hybridoma, they shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1984 for the discovery. 8 years later, in 1992 FDA approved first therapeutic mAb Muromonab-CD3 (trade name Orthoclone OKT3) to reduce acute rejection in patients with organ transplants, since then, as of May 31, 2017, FDA has approved 70 therapeutic mAbs [1-3]. Among them 28 were approved for treatment of cancers (Table 1) [4-31]. These therapeutic mAb targets at components expressed on cancer cell, possible mechanisms of cell lysis include complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), induced apoptosis, cancer cell growth inhibition, direct cytoxicities, and conjugates indirect effect resulting cancer cell death (radiation or internalized derives). Unfortunately, so far Table 1: Monoclonal Antibodies for Cancer Therapy Approved By FDA.