Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and PDL1 expression as prescreening enrichment biomarkers of clinical benefit to immune checkpoint inhibitors (CI) in early clinical trials (ECT)

Martín-Liberal, Juan; Pagliuca, Francesca; Hierro, Cinta; Viaplana, Cristina; Muñoz-Couselo, Eva; Capdevila, Jaume; Matos, Ignacio; Madrid, L. Fariñas; Zamora, Esther; Garcia, I. Braña; Élez, Elena; Amat, Mora; Azaro, Analía; Alsina, María; Villar, M. Vieito; Fasani, Roberta; Tabernero, Josep; Garralda, Elena; Dienstmann, Rodrigo; Nuciforo, Paolo

doi:10.1093/annonc/mdy269.141

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“…TILs are a prescreening strategy that may help to select patients for ICI therapy in early clinical trials. 99 An emerging immunological treatment strategy includes adoptive cell therapy (ACT). Patient's T cells are extracted from a tumour biopsy or peripheral blood, modified, expanded in vitro, and then reinfused into the patient after host lymphodepletion.…”

Section: Immunotherapy: Checkpoint Modulators (Ctla4 Pd1/pdl1 Cd4mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent study analysed the correlation in 39 cancer patients between the concentration of TILs in the tumour environment and the response to ICI and demonstrated that quantifying TILs are a prescreening strategy that may help to select patients for ICI therapy in early clinical trials. 99 An emerging immunological treatment strategy includes adoptive cell therapy (ACT). Patient's T cells are extracted from a tumour biopsy or peripheral blood, modified, expanded in vitro, and then reinfused into the patient after host lymphodepletion.…”

Section: Immunotherapy: Checkpoint Modulators (Ctla4 Pd1/pdl1 Cd40) A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tumour microenvironment seems implicated in the response to ICI and tumour‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have a major role in this. A recent study analysed the correlation in 39 cancer patients between the concentration of TILs in the tumour environment and the response to ICI and demonstrated that quantifying TILs are a prescreening strategy that may help to select patients for ICI therapy in early clinical trials . An emerging immunological treatment strategy includes adoptive cell therapy (ACT).…”

Section: Investigational Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Medical treatment for cholangiocarcinoma

Adeva

Sangro

Salati

et al. 2019

Liver International

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Most of the patients with cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) present with advanced (inoperable or metastatic) disease, and relapse rates are high in those undergoing potentially curative resection. Previous treatment nihilism of patients with advanced disease has been replaced by active clinical research with the advent of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and a much greater effort at understanding molecular mechanisms underpinning CCA. Three RCTs have recently been reported evaluating adjuvant chemotherapy following curative resection; only one of these has the potential to change practice. The BILCAP study failed to meet its primary endpoint by intention‐to‐treat analysis; however, a survival benefit was seen in a preplanned sensitivity analysis (predominantly adjusting for lymph nodes status). This, along with the numerical difference in median overall survival has led to the uptake of adjuvant capecitabine by many clinicians. In patients with advanced disease, the only level 1 data available supports the use of cisplatin and gemcitabine for the first‐line treatment of patients with advanced disease; there is no established second‐line chemotherapy. Previous forays into targeted therapy have proven unfruitful (namely targeting the epithelial growth factor receptor and vascular endothelial growth factor pathways). An increasing number of genomic subtypes are being defined; for some of these on‐target therapeutic options are under active investigation. The most developed are studies targeting IDH‐1 (isocitrate dehydrogenase) mutations and FGFR‐2 (fibroblast growth factor receptor) fusions, with promising early results. Several other pathways are under evaluation, along with early studies targeting the immune environment; these are too premature to change practice to date. These emerging treatments are discussed.

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Section: Immunotherapy: Checkpoint Modulators (Ctla4 Pd1/pdl1 Cd4mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Immunotherapy: Checkpoint Modulators (Ctla4 Pd1/pdl1 Cd40) A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Investigational Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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