Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy With or Without Carboplatin in Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2–Positive and Triple-Negative Primary Breast Cancers

Abstract

Immunologic factors were highly significant predictors of therapy response in the GeparSixto trial, particularly in patients treated with Cb. After further standardization, they could be included in histopathologic assessment of BC.

Predictive and Prognostic Role of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes for Early Breast Cancer According to Disease Subtypes: Sensitivity Analysis of Randomized Trials in Adjuvant and Neoadjuvant Setting

“…It is well known that the achievement of pCR represents the main prerequisite to improve both disease-free survival and overall survival (OS) [20]. Several studies have shown that higher TIL infiltration in the pretreatment core biopsy specimen is a predictor of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy [21][22][23]. Also in this case, TILs seems to predict pCR, especially in TNBC and HER2-positive BC, even if this finding did not constantly emerge in all studies [24].…”

Dynamic evaluation of the immune infiltrate and immune function genes as predictive markers for neoadjuvant chemotherapy in hormone receptor positive, HER2 negative breast cancer

“…An immune-related gene signature (IMS, derived from 5 ), was explored for its predictive value at the neoadjuvant setting of HR positive, HER2 negative BC. Gene module score was derived as the weighted average of the expression values of the constituent signature genes, where the weight for each gene is +1░or -1 depending on the direction with the phenotype in the original publication (Supplemental Data).…”

“…Indeed, immune-related gene signatures have been previously developed and validated in BC and shown to be associated with the probability for pCR after NACT in all BC subtypes. 5, 16 Nevertheless, little is known regarding the modulation of gene expression caused by the effects of cytotoxic chemotherapy and whether these short-term changes harbor any predictive or prognostic value. In one published study, 24–96 hours after the administration of chemotherapy a downregulation of immune-related and proliferation genes was noted, while increased residual interferon gamma signaling was associated with poor outcomes.…”

General St. Gallen-2015 guidelines for the treatment of early breast cancer (adapted by the experts of the Russian Society of Breast Oncologists)

“…В то время как высокие и низкие значения Кi-67 воспроизводимы и клини-чески полезны, оказывается, нет оптимального разделительного значения (cut point), по крайней мере предсказывающего pCR только по уровню Кi-67 [76][77][78]. Международное сотрудничество привело к улучшению согласованности в оценке уровня Кi-67 [27,78].…”

“…Также наблюдалось повышение частоты pCR у пациентов с трижды негативным РМЖ, получавших наб-паклитаксел, в сравнении со «стандартным» паклитакселом [57]. Частота pCR была выше у пациентов, в опухолях которых отмечалась лимфоцитарная инфильтра-ция, или трижды негативный, или HER-2-позитивный РМЖ, получавших лечение карбоплатином [77,78]. В нескольких исследованиях неоадъювантной терапии было показано, что у пациентов с мутацией PIK3CA, получавших анти-HER-2-терапию, отмечалась более низкая частота pCR [82][83][84].…”