Tumor-associated neutrophils and macrophages in non-small cell lung cancer: No immediate impact on patient outcome

Tumor-infiltrating neutrophils predict poor outcome in adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction

“…In addition, neutrophil infiltration was proved to be inducing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) [28], which could contribute to tumor invasion and metastasis. However, no significant correlation was discovered between TIN and circulating neutrophils and white blood cells in the peripheral blood, which was inconsistent with a previous research [29].…”

Predictive value of inflammatory indexes on the chemotherapeutic response in patients with unresectable lung cancer: A retrospective study

“…Emerging evidence suggests that systemic inflammation and the tumor-associated inflammatory microenvironment serve an important additional role in modulating chemotherapeutic responsiveness and chemoresistance; however, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear (8,29). Hematological markers of systemic inflammation, including C-reactive protein, PNC, NLR, PLR, albumin-neutrophil prognostic grade etc., are well established as useful in the prediction of outcomes in a number of cancer types (19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(25)(26)(27)(28)(37)(38)(39)(40). Nevertheless, there is a paucity of studies regarding the associations between inflammatory indexes and chemotherapeutic response.…”

“…Furthermore, PNC is largely recruited via chemoattractant mediators, including chemokines, lipids, complement anaphylotoxins and N-formylated peptides into tumor microenvironment, and then is converted into TIN (49). PNC is correlated with TIN in quantitative terms (27); therefore, PNC can indirectly reflect and influence the chemotherapeutic response. Elevated PNC can stimulate upregulation of cytokines and chemokines (13), and this confers cancer cells with acquired resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs (8,50,51).…”

“…Notably, indexes of inflammatory cells [including the pretreatment neutrophil count (PNC), macrophage, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR)] in the bloodstream can reflect the scope and extent of inflammation (18,19). Previous studies have reported that elevations in the PNC, NLR or PLR indicate a poor prognosis in various human cancer types, most notably in colorectal cancer (19), hepatocellular carcinoma (20), and in gastric (21), esophageal (22), breast (23,24), ovarian (25), cervical (26) and lung cancer (27,28). Increasingly, studies have suggested that inflammation serves an important role in the regulation of chemoresistance (8,(29)(30)(31)(32).…”

Investigation of the role of tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer

“…Various soluble factors including vascular endothelial growth factor A, platelet derived growth factor and osteopntin are involved in the malignant development of lung cancer (7). In addition, tumor-infiltrating macrophage and myeloid-derived suppressor cells are also important components in the tumor microenvironment (8,9). These immune cells that secrete cytokines and chemokines are important factors in malignancy.…”