Tumor antigen-independent and cell size variation-inclusive enrichment of viable circulating tumor cells

Abstract

Integrated ferrohydrodynamic cell separation (iFCS) explores cell magnetization in biocompatible ferrofluids and enriches CTCs in an antigen-independent and cell size variation-inclusive manner.

Hybrid negative enrichment of circulating tumor cells from whole blood in a 3D-printed monolithic device

“…45,46 Negative enrichment techniques directly target white blood cells (WBCs) through their well-characterized membrane antigens (e.g., CD45) and selectively depletes them off blood to enrich CTCs. [47][48][49][50][51][52] In this process, WBCs are typically immunolabeled with antibody-functionalized magnetic beads and pulled away from the sample in the downstream under a magnetic field gradient. 23,24,[47][48][49][50] The other approach is to capture WBCs out of the sample through immunoaffinity in a device functionalized with antibodies against WBC markers.…”

“…[47][48][49][50][51][52] In this process, WBCs are typically immunolabeled with antibody-functionalized magnetic beads and pulled away from the sample in the downstream under a magnetic field gradient. 23,24,[47][48][49][50] The other approach is to capture WBCs out of the sample through immunoaffinity in a device functionalized with antibodies against WBC markers. 51,52 While it potentially offers label-free negative enrichment of WBCs, this approach suffers from several technological hurdles.…”

Amplified piezoelectrically actuated on-chip flow switching for a rapid and stable microfluidic fluorescence activated cell sorter

“…9(e). This property shows the potential for recovery of precious rare cells without size bias 53,54 and stable sorting of large-volume biological compartments, 55 such as droplets as described in Section 4.2. Although not obvious, the purity is observed to decrease slightly as the target particle diameter decreases.…”

Recent Advances in Continuous-Flow Particle Manipulations Using Magnetic Fluids

“…As alternatives, several customized biocompatible ferrofluids have been prepared for the magnetic manipulation of biological cells. They cover the bovine serum albumin (BSA)-coated ferrofluid [161], citrate-stabilized ferrofluid [140], graft copolymer functionalized ferrofluid [128,133,162], and dextran-coated ferrofluid [163]. A good summary of the biocompatibility of magnetic fluids has been provided in the recent review article by Zhao et al [23] and is hence skipped here.…”