Tuberculous lymphadenitis in childhood: The significance of anonymous mycobacteria

Jones, P. G.; Campbell, P. E.

doi:10.1002/bjs.18005022112

Cited by 55 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Some of these reports show a higher incidence of infection by M. tuberculosis or a predominant anonymous strain other than the Battey bacillus. Jones and Campbell (1962) in Victoria reviewed 122 children with mycobacterial cervical lymphadenitis. Cultures were taken from 76, of which 12 yielded M. tuberculosis and 15 yielded anonymous strains.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, the series reported by Jones and Campbell (1962) included only 39 under 5 years out of 122 children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the general histological appearances were similar to those due to M. tuberculosis infection, we found that giant cells were absent or extremely scanty in 14 out of 29 cases, and that large amounts of basophilic nuclear debris in areas of caseation were present in 5 of the 29 cases. These two histological criteria have been considered to represent 'atypical' histology of tuberculous lymphadenitis by Jones and Campbell (1962).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mycobacterial lymphadenitis in childhood.

MacKellar¹,

Hilton²,

Masters³

1967

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, the series reported by Jones and Campbell (1962) included only 39 under 5 years out of 122 children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mycobacterial lymphadenitis in childhood.

MacKellar¹,

Hilton²,

Masters³

1967

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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“…With a wider availability of (CT) scan, it is expected that more cases of intrathoracic and intra-abdominal lymphadenopathy and other associated lesions may be reported. Peripheral TB lymphadenopathy has been classified into five stages 29. These include: (i) stage 1, enlarged, firm mobile discrete nodes showing non-specific reactive hyperplasia; (ii) stage 2, large rubbery nodes fixed to the surrounding tissue owing to periadenitis; (iii) stage 3, central softening because of abscess formation; (iv) stage 4, collar-stud abscess formation; and (v) stage 5, sinus tract formation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversities in presentations of extrapulmonary tuberculosis

et al. 2013

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The incidence of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) has been increasing worldwide over the last few years. Tuberculous lymphadenitis is the most common form of the disease and is reported to occur in 25-60% of all EPTB cases. It is commonly seen in the cervical lymph nodes, but may also be in the larynx, pharynx, parotid and rarely, in the sinuses and petrous bone. The posterior triangle, supraclavicular and jugular nodes are most frequently affected. They are usually unilateral, although diffuse adenopathy may occur. TB involving cervical lymph nodes represents 50% of extrapulmonary TB. A series of six cases of tuberculous lymphadenitis with varying clinical features is documented here to alert one of its prevalence in developing countries.

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“…36 On examination, the node is typically matted and adherent to surrounding structures. 36,37 If tuberculous lymphadenitis is clinically suspected, fine-needle aspiration should be pursued, followed by lymph node biopsy if the aspiration is nondiagnostic. 38,39 Pleural TB.…”

Section: Pulmonary Tbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Concepts in the Management of Tuberculosis

Sia

Wieland

2011

Mayo Clinic Proceedings

160

108

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E ffective medical therapy for tuberculosis (TB) has existed for more than half a century, yet TB remains among the most pressing public health issues of our day. Tuberculosis is, in part, a disease of poverty. 1 The fact that it remains the eighth leading cause of death in the world speaks to the challenges facing practitioners and public health officials as they try to control a disease that is so entwined in the cultural and economic fabric of society. Challenges to effective solutions include lack of access to diagnosis and treatment, the frequent coexistence of epidemics of TB and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and the Tuberculosis (TB) poses a serious threat to public health throughout the world but disproportionately afflicts low-income nations. Persons in close contact with a patient with active pulmonary TB and those from endemic regions of the world are at highest risk of primary infection, whereas patients with compromised immune systems are at highest risk of reactivation of latent TB infection (LTBI). Tuberculosis can affect any organ system. Clinical manifestations vary accordingly but often include fever, night sweats, and weight loss. Positive results on either a tuberculin skin test or an interferon-γ release assay in the absence of active TB establish a diagnosis of LTBI. A combination of epidemiological, clinical, radiographic, microbiological, and histopathologic features is used to establish the diagnosis of active TB. Patients with suspected active pulmonary TB should submit 3 sputum specimens for acidfast bacilli smears and culture, with nucleic acid amplification testing performed on at least 1 specimen. For patients with LTBI, treatment with isoniazid for 9 months is preferred. Patients with active TB should be treated with multiple agents to achieve bacterial clearance, to reduce the risk of transmission, and to prevent the emergence of drug resistance. Directly observed therapy is recommended for the treatment of active TB. Health care professionals should collaborate, when possible, with local and state public health departments to care for patients with TB. Patients with drug-resistant TB or coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus should be treated in collaboration with TB specialists. Public health measures to prevent the spread of TB include appropriate respiratory isolation of patients with active pulmonary TB, contact investigation, and reduction of the LTBI burden. Proc. 2011;86(4):348-361 AFB = acid-fast bacilli; BCG = bacille Calmette-Guérin; CFP-10 = culture filtrate protein 10; DOT = directly observed therapy; EMB = ethambutol; ESAT-6 = early-secreted antigenic target 6; HIV = human immuno deficiency virus; IFN-γ = interferon-γ; IGRA = IFN-γ release assay; INH = isoniazid; LTBI = latent TBI; MDR-TB = multidrug-resistant TB; NAA = nucleic acid amplification; PZA = pyrazinamide; RIF = rifampin; TB = tuberculosis; TBI = TB infection; TST = tuberculin skin test; XDR-TB = extensively drug-resistant TB Mayo Clin

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Tuberculous lymphadenitis in childhood: The significance of anonymous mycobacteria

Cited by 55 publications

References 38 publications

Mycobacterial lymphadenitis in childhood.

Mycobacterial lymphadenitis in childhood.

Diversities in presentations of extrapulmonary tuberculosis

Current Concepts in the Management of Tuberculosis

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