Tuberculosis of epididymis and testicle presenting as hydrocele

Reeve, Harold R.; Weinerth, John L.; Peterson, Lloyd J.

doi:10.1016/0090-4295(74)90389-6

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Epididymo-orchitis accounts for 7-22% of all genitourinary tuberculosis cases and assumes a greater relative importance in high prevalence regions [8, 9]. Mycobacterium tuberculosis usually extends from prostate to epididymis through the vas deferens .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

URINARY TRACT INFECTION Acute epididymo-orchitis: staging and treatment

Banyra¹,

Shulyak²

2012

cejurol3/2012

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IntroductionAcute epididymo-orchitis (AEO) is an acute inflammatory disease of the epididymis and ipsilateral testis. Treatment should be started immediately after diagnosis and includes antibiotics, analgesics, and, if necessary, surgery.Materials and methodsAfter AEO diagnosis, patients were treated conservatively with analgesics and antibiotics. If no clinical improvement was observed within the first 48-72 hours of conservative treatment, patients underwent surgery. Depending on examination results, 254 patients (pts.) were divided into three groups: 1) with palpable differences between the epididymis and testis (E/T+), and without neither hydrocele, local softening (malacia), nor abscess of the epididymis or testis; 2) with E/T+, absence of malacia, presence of hydrocele, and none, one, or a few small abscesses within the epididymis/testis and 3) without palpatory differentiation between the epididymis and testis, with or without malacia, with hydrocele, and none, one, or more abscesses of any size. We analyzed the clinical outcomes in each group.ResultsAll of patients from the first group were successfully treated with antibiotics. In the second group, conservative treatment was effective in 70 pts. (85.4% of this group), but the other 12 pts. (14.6%) did not show clinical improvement and underwent organ-sparing surgery. The majority of patients from the third group did not demonstrate an objective response to antibacterial treatment during the first 48-72 hours and, therefore, underwent surgery. Based on examination results and clinical outcomes we developed a classification system for AEO, which divides AEO into three stages and recommends an approach to its treatment.ConclusionsOur classification is able to systematize treatment approaches in patients with AEO.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

URINARY TRACT INFECTION Acute epididymo-orchitis: staging and treatment

Banyra¹,

Shulyak²

2012

cejurol3/2012

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“…Diagnosis is established following surgical exploration. Histologic examination of the tunica vaginalis and testis reveals caseating granulomas and AFB [ 23 ]. Testicular infections are usually associated with epididymal infections that develop from hematogenous dissemination.…”

Section: Scrotal Massesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Although an unusual cause of epididymitis in clinical practice, tuberculosis of the epididymis has been cited in numerous case reports [23][24][25][26][27][28]. Testicular and prostate infection was noted to cause 10% of infections in a study of 14 patients with genitourinary tuberculosis and HIV infection.…”

Section: Scrotal Massesmentioning

confidence: 98%

An update on lower urinary tract tuberculosis

Wise

Shteynshlyuger²

2008

Curr Urol Rep

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Tuberculosis of the genitourinary tract presents with atypical manifestations. Only 20% to 30% of patients with genitourinary tuberculosis have a history of pulmonary infection. Tuberculosis often affects the lower genitourinary system rather than the kidney. Tuberculosis of the lower genitourinary tract most commonly affects the epididymis and the testis, followed by bladder, ureter, prostate, and penis. Use of bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy for bladder cancer can cause symptomatic tubercular infections of the lower genitourinary tract. Tuberculosis of the lower genitourinary tract can present with irritative voiding symptoms, hematuria, epididymo-orchitis, prostatitis, and fistulas. Tuberculosis of the seminal vesicles, vas, fallopian tubes, and the uterus can cause infertility. Urinalysis may demonstrate sterile pyuria, hematuria, or albuminuria. Identification of acid-fast bacilli in culture or tissue or by polymerase chain reaction studies is diagnostic. Medical treatment may not result in resolution of symptoms. Surgical intervention and reconstruction of the urinary tract are frequently indicated.

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“…It is rare and occurs only in approximately 7 % of patients with tuberculosis, as reported by Reeves and colleagues [2]. It may be a consequence of tubercular lesions in the prostate or kidneys [3,4], but hematogenous spreading is also possible [5,6].To date, there is some controversy about which of these two pathways is the more common.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tubercular epididymitis and orchitis: US patterns

et al. 1997

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For several decades tuberculosis has been adequately under control in this country, but there has been recent concern that this disease might be coming back to the forefront, due to the influx of immigrants from developing countries where tuberculosis is still rampant. In the years to come we are expecting an increase in cases of genitourinary lesions of tubercular origin, a disease which had practically disappeared in the Western world. The aim of this pictorial essay is to provide an outline of the typical US images of tubercular epididymitis and orchitis.

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Tuberculosis of epididymis and testicle presenting as hydrocele

Cited by 19 publications

References 4 publications

URINARY TRACT INFECTION Acute epididymo-orchitis: staging and treatment

URINARY TRACT INFECTION Acute epididymo-orchitis: staging and treatment

An update on lower urinary tract tuberculosis

Tubercular epididymitis and orchitis: US patterns

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