Tuberculosis in an Aging World

Olmo-Fontánez, Angélica M.; Turner, Joanne

doi:10.3390/pathogens11101101

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 124 publications

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“…In this study, we found that the YLLs were the predominant contributor to the PTB DALYs in Shenyang in 2023, accounting for about 71.38%, which was consistent with the ndings in China [10] , Brazil [32] , and India [33] . It suggested that PTB was more likely to lead to premature death rather than disability, possibly due to its older age of onset [34] , high drug resistance, and a higher rate of delayed diagnosis (64.54%) [31,35] . Therefore, the focus should be shifted towards early intervention to reduce transmission.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of pulmonary tuberculosis disease burden in Shenyang, China, 2023

Chen,

Li,

Yang

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is one of the most serious infectious diseases worldwide and poses a great threat to people’s health. China has a vast territory with substantial regional disparities in the PTB disease burden. However, there have been no studies conducted to evaluate the PTB disease burden in Shenyang. The aim was to elucidate the magnitude, composition, and distribution of PTB disease burden in Shenyang. Methods The disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) calculated based on Global Burden of Disease (GBD) framework was used to assess the disease burden of PTB in Shenyang in 2023, and descriptive epidemiological methods were employed to elucidate the magnitude, composition, and distribution characteristics of PTB disease burden in Shenyang. Results In 2023, 4,169 PTB cases were reported in Shenyang, including 2,901 males and 1,268 females. The incidence of PTB was 45.50/105, of which 64.29/105 for males and 27.30/105 for females. The incidence among males was higher than that among females (X2 = 688.56, p<0.001). The highest incidence was 107.00/105 in the group of the population aged 80 and above (X2 = 1171.75, p<0.001). In 2023, 189 PTB deaths were reported in Shenyang, including 156 males and 33 females. The mortality of PTB was 2.06/105 of which 3.46/105 for males and 0.71/105 for females. The mortality among males was higher than that among females (X2 = 83.69, p<0.001). The highest mortality was 16.04/105 in the group of the population aged 80 and above (X2 = 285.61, p<0.001). The PTB DALYs rate was 58.25/105, of which 91.73/105 for males and 21.22/105 for females. The DALYs rate among males was higher than that among females (X2 = 44.04, p<0.001). The highest DALYs rate was 149.86/105 in the group of the population aged 80 and above (X2 = 305.35, p<0.001). Years of life lost (YLLs) due to PTB accounted for 71.38% of total DALYs, of which 74.33% for males and 52.89% for females. Conclusion The disease burden of PTB in Shenyang in 2023 was lower than that in China, showing characteristics of that the disease burden increased with age, and males was higher than that of females. The predominant disease burden of PTB was attributed to YLLs, accounting for as much as 71.38%, indicating that PTB primarily results in premature mortality rather than disability. Therefore, the focus should be shifted towards early intervention to reduce transmission, especially for the aged males.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of pulmonary tuberculosis disease burden in Shenyang, China, 2023

Chen,

Li,

Yang

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…The seventh census of China showed that the population over 65 years old accounted for 13.5% of the total population [ 37 , 38 ]. The elderly is prone to TB than the younger due to weakened immune system, insufficient nutrient intake, high incidence of chronic diseases, and high prevalence of bad habits (such as smoking and alcohol consumption) [ 3 , 39 ]. Once infected with TB, the elderly is prone to respiratory complications (e.g., pulmonary infections and COPD) and pathological changes (e.g., lung tissue injury and bronchial dilatation), making TB treatment more difficult [ 40 , 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disease burden of tuberculosis and post-tuberculosis in Inner Mongolia, China, 2016–2018 — based on the disease burden of post-TB caused by COPD

et al. 2023

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Background Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the most serious infectious diseases worldwide. China has the second highest TB burden globally, but existing studies have mostly neglected the post-tuberculosis (post-TB) disease burden. This study estimated the disease burden of TB and post-TB in Inner Mongolia, China, from 2016 to 2018. Methods Population data were collected from TB Information Management System. Post-TB disease burden was defined as the burden caused by Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) occurring after patients with TB were cured. To estimate the incidence rate of TB, standardized mortality rate, life expectancy, and cause eliminated life expectancy, using descriptive epidemiological, abridged life table and cause eliminated life table. On this basis, the Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALY), Years Lived with Disability (YLD) and Years of Life Lost (YLL) due to TB were further be estimated. The data were analyzed using Excel 2016 and SPSS 26.0. Joinpoint regression models were used to estimate the time and age trends of the disease burden of TB and post-TB. Results The TB incidence in 2016, 2017, and 2018 was 41.65, 44.30, and 55.63/100,000, respectively. The standardized mortality in the same period was 0.58, 0.65, and 1.08/100,000, respectively. From 2016 to 2018, the total DALYs of TB and post-TB were 5923.33, 6258.03, and 8194.38 person-years, and the DALYs of post-TB from 2016 to 2018 were 1555.89, 1663.33, and 2042.43 person-years. Joinpoint regression showed that the DALYs rate increased yearly from 2016 to 2018, and the rate of males was higher than that of females. TB and post-TB DALYs rates showed a rising tendency with increasing age (AAPC values were 149.6% and 157.0%, respectively, P < 0.05), which was higher in the working-age population and elderly. Conclusion The disease burden of TB and post-TB was heavy and increased year by year in Inner Mongolia from 2016 to 2018. Compared with the youngster and females, working-age population and the elderly and males had a higher disease burden. Policymakers should be paid more attention to the patients’ sustained lung injury after TB cured. There is a pressing need to identify more effective measures for reducing the burden of TB and post-TB of people, to improve their health and well-being.

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“…60 Jahren) etwas häufiger vorkommt [3]. Bedingt durch die Beeinträchtigung insbesondere der zellulären Immunität im höheren Lebensalter, dem Vorliegen weiterer Grunderkrankungen und Behandlungen, Unterernährung, gemeinsamer Benutzung der Einrichtungsräumlichkeiten ("enger Raum") und andere Faktoren gehören die meist älteren Bewohnerinnen und Bewohner von Pflegeheimen zu einer Population mit erhöhtem Risiko für eine Tuberkulose [84,85]. Im Allgemeinen tritt im Seniorenalter die Tuberkulose in Form einer Reaktivierung einer früher akquirierten Infektion auf, aber auch exogene (Re-)Infektionen sind möglich.…”

Section: Pflegeeinrichtungen Und Teilstationäre Einrichtungenunclassified

Infektionsprävention & Hygiene bei Tuberkulose – Empfehlungen des DZK

Witte,

Arvand,

Barth

et al. 2023

Pneumologie

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ZusammenfassungDie Vermeidung der Weiterverbreitung der Erkrankung ist ein wesentliches Ziel in der Betreuung und Behandlung von Tuberkulose. Für die Infektionsprävention von besonderer Bedeutung sind neben der frühzeitigen Diagnose und effektiven Therapien eine Isolierung ansteckungsfähiger Patientinnen und Patienten und adäquate Hygienemaßnahmen. Die vorliegenden Empfehlungen ersetzen die bisherigen Empfehlungen „Infektionsprävention bei Tuberkulose“ aus dem Jahre 2012 und berücksichtigen die aktuellen nationalen und internationalen Empfehlungen und neue wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisse. Nach einer Beschreibung der Infektion und der Übertragungswege werden die notwendigen Präventions- und Hygienemaßnahmen in Gesundheitseinrichtungen umfangreich dargestellt. Seit der letzten Überarbeitung der Empfehlungen zur Infektionsprävention wurden internationale Empfehlungen und die KRINKO-Empfehlung zur Beendigung der Isolierung geändert. In Übereinstimmung hiermit kann unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen bei sensibler Tuberkulose eine Entisolierung in Gesundheitseinrichtungen nach 14 Tagen ohne Berücksichtigung der Sputumbefunde erfolgen. Im zweiten Teil der Empfehlungen werden ausführlich die Maßnahmen in speziellen Situationen und Bereichen, wie Arztpraxen, Krankentransport und Pflegeeinrichtungen, erläutert. Hier wurden die Empfehlungen zum Atemschutz vereinfacht, für Personal wird eine FFP2-Maske nun generell als ausreichend erachtet.

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Tuberculosis in an Aging World

Cited by 21 publications

References 124 publications

Evaluation of pulmonary tuberculosis disease burden in Shenyang, China, 2023

Evaluation of pulmonary tuberculosis disease burden in Shenyang, China, 2023

Disease burden of tuberculosis and post-tuberculosis in Inner Mongolia, China, 2016–2018 — based on the disease burden of post-TB caused by COPD

Infektionsprävention & Hygiene bei Tuberkulose – Empfehlungen des DZK

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