Tuberculosis, HIV seroprevalence and intravenous drug abuse in prisoners

Drobniewski, Francis

doi:10.1183/09031936.05.00136004

Cited by 54 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(19 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Converging drug-resistant TB and HIV epidemics pose a serious problem and undermine the efforts of national TB control programs (5). There is growing evidence that drug resistance in these settings is strongly associated with the dominating Beijing family of strains (6,10,14,15,17,21,22).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Resistance to Second-Line Antituberculosis Drugs by Use of the Genotype MTBDR sl Assay: a Multicenter Evaluation and Feasibility Study

Ignatyeva

Kontsevaya²,

Kovalyov³

et al. 2012

J Clin Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

eThe rate of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis (TB) has been steadily increasing in countries of the former USSR. The availability of rapid and reliable methods for the detection of drug resistance to second-line drugs is vital for adequate patient management. We evaluated the performance of the Genotype MTBDRsl assay compared to that of phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (Becton Dickinson Bactec MGIT 960 system) with a test panel of 200 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates at four sites in Eastern Europe. The interpretability of the Genotype MTBDRsl assay was over 95%. The sensitivity for the detection of resistance to fluoroquinolones, ethambutol, amikacin, and capreomycin varied between 77.3% and 92.3%; however, it was much lower for kanamycin (42.7%). The sensitivity for the detection of XDR TB was 22.6%. The test specificity was over 82% for all drugs. The assay presents a good screening tool for the rapid detection of resistance to individual second-line drugs and can be recommended for use in countries with a high burden of MDR/XDR TB. The sensitivity for the detection of kanamycin resistance needs improvement.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Resistance to Second-Line Antituberculosis Drugs by Use of the Genotype MTBDR sl Assay: a Multicenter Evaluation and Feasibility Study

Ignatyeva

Kontsevaya²,

Kovalyov³

et al. 2012

J Clin Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The Samara Oblast (Central Russia) is a hot spot for both TB and HIV epidemics; ca. 20% of new TB cases are MDR, with rates even higher in previously treated cases and in the prison sector (8). Converging TB, drug-resistant TB, and HIV epidemics pose a serious problem for low-and middle-income countries such as Russia where access to second-and third-line drug therapy is limited (2,8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Two Molecular Assays for Rapid Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Resistance to Fluoroquinolones in High-Tuberculosis and -Multidrug-Resistance Settings

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Russian Federation is a high-tuberculosis (TB)-burden country with high rates of drug resistance, including multidrug and extensive drug resistance to TB (M/XDRTB). Rapid diagnosis of resistance to fluoroquinolones (FQs) using molecular assays is essential for the implementation of appropriate drug regimens and prevention of the transmission of XDR strains. A total of 51 individual MDRTB strains were tested by pyrosequencing of the quinolone resistance determining region of the gyrA gene and the GenoType MTBDRsl assay (Hain Lifescience, GmbH, Nehren, Germany), and the results were evaluated against those obtained by phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (DST). Mutations were detected in 25 (78.1%) FQ-resistant strains, with the majority of mutations (n ‫؍‬ 19 [73.0%]) found in codon 94 of the gyrA gene; the novel mutation 1457 C3⌻ was found in the gyrB gene. Three mixed allelic variants were detected, which is a well-known phenomenon in areas with high TB and drug-resistant TB rates. The sensitivity and specificity of pyrosequencing (86.2 and 100%, respectively) and MTBDRsl (86.2 and 100%, respectively) were high; however, the results for 5.9% of the analyzed strains were unreadable when MTBDRsl was used. The MTBDRsl and pyrosequencing assays offer a rapid and accurate means for diagnosing resistance to FQs in high-TB-burden areas.Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major threat to public health worldwide and in the developing world in particular, causing almost 2 million deaths annually. The real magnitude of drug resistance is not yet known, although the Indian subcontinent, China, and Russia are believed to account for the majority of cases globally (48).Multidrug-resistant TB (MDRTB), caused by TB bacilli resistant to both isoniazid (INH) and rifampin (RIF), poses difficulties in diagnosis and treatment, with lower survival rates (especially in HIV-infected persons) and the associated high costs of TB control programs. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates current MDRTB rates in new and previously treated cases globally to be 2.9 and 15.3%, respectively (50).The Russian Federation is a high-TB-burden country with high rates of TB drug resistance, dominated by TB strains of the Beijing family reported to be associated with MDRTB (7, 42). The Samara Oblast (Central Russia) is a hot spot for both TB and HIV epidemics; ca. 20% of new TB cases are MDR, with rates even higher in previously treated cases and in the prison sector (8). Converging TB, drug-resistant TB, and HIV epidemics pose a serious problem for low-and middle-income countries such as Russia where access to second-and third-line drug therapy is limited (2, 8).The rate of extensively drug-resistant TB (XDRTB) (which is caused by MDRTB bacilli with additional resistance to a fluoroquinolone [FQ] and one or more injectable drugs) has been increasing in Russia (36) due to multiple incomplete treatment regimens and poor infection control practice. Cases of XDRTB show a high rate of treatment failure and mortality especially in XDRTB patients with c...

show abstract

“…A survey of several European countries has confirmed that the prevalence of TB in prisons is nearly 100-fold greater than in the general population [28], especially in those subjects with HIV infection [29]. The risk of TB in i.v.…”

Section: Active Case Finding Of Tb In Europe Gh Bothamley Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Active case finding of tuberculosis in Europe: a Tuberculosis Network European Trials Group (TBNET) survey

Bothamley¹,

Diţiu

Migliori³

et al. 2008

European Respiratory Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tuberculosis control depends on successful case finding and treatment of individuals infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Passive case finding is widely practised: the present study aims to ascertain the consensus and possible improvements in active case finding across Europe.Recommendations from national guidelines were collected from 50 countries of the World Health Organization European region using a standard questionnaire.Contacts are universally screened for active tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Most countries (.70%) screen those with HIV infection, prisoners and in-patient contacts. Screening of immigrants is related to their contribution to national rates of tuberculosis. Only 25 (50%) out of 50 advise a request for symptoms in their guidelines. A total of 36 (72%) out of 50 countries recommend sputum examination for those with a persistent cough; 13 countries do not, even if the chest radiograph suggests tuberculosis. Nearly all countries (49 out of 50) use tuberculin skin testing (TST); 27 (54%) out of 50 countries also perform chest radiography irrespective of the TST result. Interpretation of the TST varies widely. All countries use 6-9 months of isoniazid for treatment of LTBI, with an estimated median (range) uptake of 55% (5-92.5%).Symptoms and sputum examination could be used more widely when screening for active tuberculosis. Treatment of latent tuberculosis infection might be better focused by targeted use of interferon-c release assays.

show abstract

Tuberculosis, HIV seroprevalence and intravenous drug abuse in prisoners

Cited by 54 publications

References 19 publications

Detection of Resistance to Second-Line Antituberculosis Drugs by Use of the Genotype MTBDR sl Assay: a Multicenter Evaluation and Feasibility Study

Detection of Resistance to Second-Line Antituberculosis Drugs by Use of the Genotype MTBDR sl Assay: a Multicenter Evaluation and Feasibility Study

Evaluation of Two Molecular Assays for Rapid Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Resistance to Fluoroquinolones in High-Tuberculosis and -Multidrug-Resistance Settings

Active case finding of tuberculosis in Europe: a Tuberculosis Network European Trials Group (TBNET) survey

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About