Tuberculosis following solid organ transplantation

Castilla, Diego López de; Schluger, Neil W.

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3062.2009.00475.x

Cited by 94 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Sustained depressed immunity offers a logical explanation for this phenomenon. 23 The increased frequency of the miliary pattern observed in this study underscores the importance of immune status in attempts to control this infectious disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

High-resolution CT findings of pulmonaryMycobacterium tuberculosisinfection in renal transplant recipients

Pereira

Gazzoni

Marchiori

et al. 2016

BJR

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Objective: Renal transplantation recipients are at increased risk of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection because of immunosuppression. The aim of this study was to assess high-resolution CT (HRCT) findings in renal transplantation recipients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Methods: We reviewed HRCT findings from patients diagnosed with pulmonary TB, established by M. tuberculosis detection in bronchoalveolar lavage, sputum or biopsy sample. Two observers independently reviewed HRCT images and reached consensus decisions on the presence and distribution of: (i) miliary nodules, (ii) cavitation and centrilobular tree-in-bud nodules, (iii) ground-glass attenuation and consolidation, (iv) mediastinal lymph node enlargement and (v) pleural effusion. Results: The sample comprised 40 patients [26 males, 14 females; median age, 45 years (range, 12-69 years)]. The main HRCT pattern was miliary nodules (40%), followed by cavitation and centrilobular tree-in-bud nodules (22.5%), ground-glass attenuation and consolidation (15%), mediastinal lymph node enlargement (12.5%) and pleural effusion (10%). The distribution of findings in patients with miliary nodules was random. In patients with cavitation and centrilobular tree-in-bud nodules, 66.6% of abnormalities were found in the upper lobes. Pleural effusion was unilateral in 75% of cases. The overall mortality rate was 27.5%. This rate was 50% in patients with miliary nodules, and 72.6% of all deaths occurred in this group. Thus, mortality was increased significantly in patients with miliary nodules (p , 0.05). Conclusion:The main HRCT finding in renal transplantation recipients with pulmonary TB was miliary nodules, followed by cavitation and centrilobular tree-in-bud nodules. Miliary nodules were associated with a worse prognosis in these patients. Advances in knowledge: We report the first series on HRCT findings of microbiologically confirmed pulmonary TB exclusively in renal transplantation recipients. The main HRCT finding was miliary nodules, and mortality was increased significantly in these patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

High-resolution CT findings of pulmonaryMycobacterium tuberculosisinfection in renal transplant recipients

Pereira

Gazzoni

Marchiori

et al. 2016

BJR

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“…[3][4][5][6] In developed countries where population rates of active tuberculosis are low (less than 20 per 100 000), only 0.26% to 6.5% of transplant recipients develop tuberculosis. [7][8][9] Tuberculosis continued to be a major problem as recently as 2007 even in a large transplant center in New York, where they reported an incidence 10-30 times higher than general population during the same period in the same location. 9 Incidence rates of tuberculosis in SOT recipients vary widely.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[7][8][9] Tuberculosis continued to be a major problem as recently as 2007 even in a large transplant center in New York, where they reported an incidence 10-30 times higher than general population during the same period in the same location. 9 Incidence rates of tuberculosis in SOT recipients vary widely. Factors influencing these rates include geography, tuberculosis epidemiology, and time periods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in Solid Organ Transplantation: Incidence before and after Expanded Isoniazid Prophylaxis

Al-Mukhaini¹,

Aleid²,

Alduraibi³

et al. 2017

Ann Saudi Med

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“…The prevalence of tuberculosis in these patients, in various studies, has ranged from 0.26-10%, being higher in developing countries. 1,[9][10][11][12] The mean duration of time between transplantation and the occurrence of tuberculosis in various reports has ranged from 1 to 21 months. 1,[10][11][12] Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in renal transplant recipients usually occurs due to reactivation of latent tuberculous lesions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunistic infections in a renal transplant recipient

Mysorekar¹,

Eswarappa²,

Lingaraj³

2012

Infect Dis Rep

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With the present progress in transplantation procedures, there is an improvement in patient and allograft survival. However, the immunosuppression necessary to sustain the allograft predisposes these transplant recipients to infection, which is now a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. We describe a case of a 30-year-old renal transplant recipient with two opportunistic infections, namely, primary cutaneous aspergillosis and intestinal tuberculosis, with terminal enterococcal pleuritis and peritonitis. Control of the degree of immunosuppression, and prompt recognition and treatment of infection are vital for successful organ transplantation.

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Tuberculosis following solid organ transplantation

Cited by 94 publications

References 54 publications

High-resolution CT findings of pulmonaryMycobacterium tuberculosisinfection in renal transplant recipients

High-resolution CT findings of pulmonaryMycobacterium tuberculosisinfection in renal transplant recipients

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in Solid Organ Transplantation: Incidence before and after Expanded Isoniazid Prophylaxis

Opportunistic infections in a renal transplant recipient

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