Tuberculosis and other non Tuberculous Bacterial Granulomatous Infections

Gupta, Rakesh K.

doi:10.1007/0-306-46844-1_3

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…The typical MRI findings are thickening of the dura (which is best seen in the FLAIR sequence) and avid postgadolinium enhancement (Fig. 4,17 Interestingly, vascular complications could be seen after effective TB therapy, which could be due to healing and fibrosis of the meninges resulting in occlusion of embedded vessels. It is important to recognize, however, that focal and diffuse pachymeningitis on MR is not pathognomonic for TB, because it can be seen in multiple inflammatory and noninflammatory entities.…”

Section: Cranial Tbmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is important to recognize, however, that focal and diffuse pachymeningitis on MR is not pathognomonic for TB, because it can be seen in multiple inflammatory and noninflammatory entities. 4,17 Parenchymal TB There is a preferential involvement of the lenticulostriate arteries, with common infarcts in the basal ganglia; however, large vascular territory infarcts can also be seen.…”

Section: Cranial Tbmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7). 4,17 Gupta and colleagues 28 demonstrated on 1 H MR spectroscopy that, in tuberculomas with a T2 hypointense center, there is a prominent lipid peak at 1.3 ppm (Fig. 4 Caseating granulomas are isointense to hypointense on the T1W and T2W sequences with a T2 isointense-to-hyperintense rim.…”

Section: Mri Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Central Nervous System Tuberculosis

Torres

Riascos

Figueroa

et al. 2014

Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Tuberculosis (TB) has shown a resurgence in nonendemic populations in recent years and accounts for 8 million deaths annually in the world. Central nervous system involvement is one of the most serious forms of this infection, acting as a prominent cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. The rising number of cases in developed countries is mostly attributed to factors such as the pandemic of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and increased migration in a globalized world. Mycobacterium TB is responsible for almost all cases of tubercular infection in the central nervous system. It can manifest in a variety of forms as tuberculous meningitis, tuberculoma, and tubercular abscess. Spinal infection may result in spondylitis, arachnoiditis, and/or focal intramedullary tuberculomas. Timely diagnosis of central nervous system TB is paramount for the early institution of appropriate therapy, because delayed treatment is associated with severe morbidity and mortality. It is therefore important that physicians and radiologists understand the characteristic patterns, distribution, and imaging manifestations of TB in the central nervous system. Magnetic resonance imaging is considered the imaging modality of choice for the study of patients with suspected TB. Advanced imaging techniques including magnetic resonance perfusion and diffusion tensor imaging may be of value in the objective assessment of therapy and to guide the physician in the modulation of therapy in these patients.

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Section: Cranial Tbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cranial Tbmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Central Nervous System Tuberculosis

Torres

Riascos

Figueroa

et al. 2014

Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Self Cite

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“…Further caseating tuberculoma can be associated with a solid or liquid centre 9 10. A non-caseating tuberculoma is homogenously enhancing and usually appears hypointense on T1W and hyperintense on T2W images 11. A solid caseating tuberculoma is iso- to hypointense on both T1W and T2W images, with an iso- to hyperintense rim on T2W images.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although these MRI features are helpful, they are known to overlap with other infective intracranial focal lesions, like the healing stage of neurocysticercosis, fungal granulomas, chronic pyogenic brain abscess, and neoplastic-like lymphomas, some gliomas, and metastases 11. Quantitative magnetisation transfer (MT) imaging and in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) may help in the differential diagnosis of tuberculomas 1–3 11–15…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%