Tsunami Waves in Izmit Bay

Yalçıner, Ahmet Cevdet; Altınok, Yıldız; Synolakis, Costas E.; Borrero, José C.; Imamura, Fumihiko; Ersoy, Şükrü; Kuran, Uğur; Tinti, Stefano; Eskijian, Martin; Freikman, John; Yüksel, Yalçın; Alpar, Bedri; Watts, Philip; Kânoğlu, Utku; Bardet, Jean Pierre

doi:10.1193/1.1586146

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…For example, the presence of a damaged‐fault zone was speculated as an explanation of the difference of rupture speed between the northern and southern sides of the fault during the 1999

M_{w}

7.4 İzmit earthquake (Bouchon et al, ). Mai () draws attention to the striking similarities between the İzmit and Palu cases for further earthquake mitigation programs—the rupture of İzmit earthquake also propagated for 150 km on a strike‐slip fault, and coseismic tsunamis were triggered and locally amplified presumably because of tectonic subsidence and submarine landslides within the narrow İzmit Bay (Yalçıner et al, ).…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does a Damaged‐Fault Zone Mitigate the Near‐Field Impact of Supershear Earthquakes?—Application to the 2018 7.5 Palu, Indonesia, Earthquake

Oral

Weng

Ampuero

2020

Geophysical Research Letters

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The impact of earthquakes can be severely aggravated by cascading secondary hazards. The 2018 Mw 7.5 Palu, Indonesia, earthquake led to devastating tsunamis and landslides, while triggered submarine landslides possibly contributed substantially to generate the tsunami. The rupture was supershear over most of its length, but its speed was unexpectedly slow for a supershear event, between the S wave velocity VS and Eshelby's speed 2VS, an unstable speed range in conventional theory. Here, we investigate whether dynamic rupture models including a low‐velocity fault zone can reproduce such a steady supershear rupture with a relatively low speed. We then examine numerically how this peculiar feature of the Palu earthquake could have affected the near‐field ground motion and thus the secondary hazards. Our findings suggest that the presence of a low‐velocity fault zone can explain the unexpected rupture speed and may have mitigated the near‐field ground motion and the induced landslides in Palu.

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“…For example, the presence of a damaged‐fault zone was speculated as an explanation of the difference of rupture speed between the northern and southern sides of the fault during the 1999

M_{w}

Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does a Damaged‐Fault Zone Mitigate the Near‐Field Impact of Supershear Earthquakes?—Application to the 2018 7.5 Palu, Indonesia, Earthquake

Oral

Weng

Ampuero

2020

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…The program can compute the water surface elevation and velocities due to tsunami across entire computational domain, including shallow and land regions. TUNAMI-N2 code was implemented to simulate tsunami propagation and run-up in Pacific, Atlantic and Indian Oceans, with zoom-in at particular areas of Japanese, Caribbean, Russian, and Mediterranean seas (Yalciner et al, 2000(Yalciner et al, , 2001(Yalciner et al, , 2002(Yalciner et al, , 2004Zahibo et al, 2003;Tinti et al, 2006).…”

Section: The Tsunami Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tsunami propagation modelling – a sensitivity study

Dao

Tkalich

2007

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Indian Ocean (2004)Tsunami and following tragic consequences demonstrated lack of relevant experience and preparedness among involved coastal nations. After the event, scientific and forecasting circles of affected countries have started a capacity building to tackle similar problems in the future. Different approaches have been used for tsunami propagation, such as Boussinesq and Nonlinear Shallow Water Equations (NSWE). These approximations were obtained assuming different relevant importance of nonlinear, dispersion and spatial gradient variation phenomena and terms. The paper describes further development of original TUNAMI-N2 model to take into account additional phenomena: astronomic tide, sea bottom friction, dispersion, Coriolis force, and spherical curvature. The code is modified to be suitable for operational forecasting, and the resulting version (TUNAMI-N2-NUS) is verified using test cases, results of other models, and real case scenarios. Using the 2004 Tsunami event as one of the scenarios, the paper examines sensitivity of numerical solutions to variation of different phenomena and parameters, and the results are analyzed and ranked accordingly.

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“…Tsunamis from the previous earthquakes in the eastern Aegean Sea, mainly were observed along the Black Sea coasts, and cluster around the Marmara Sea (the city of Istanbul, the gulfs of Izmit), Izmir gulf, Fethiye and Iskenderun (Figure 1). Over 90 tsunami events have been recorded in the past 3,000 years in the western coasts of Turkey (Altinok & Ersoy, 2000;Yalçıner et al, 2000). Amongst the past large earthquakes, the largest instrumentally recorded event is the 9 July 1956, Amorgos earthquake (Mw 7.7; Figure 1b).…”

Section: Tectonic Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source Characteristics and Exacerbated Tsunami Hazard of the 2020 Mw 6.9 Samos Earthquake in Eastern Aegean Sea

et al. 2022

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On 30 October 2020, 11:51 UTC (13:51 local time), a strong and shallow earthquake of Mw 6.9 occurred off the northern coast of Samos Island, the eastern Aegean Sea, close to the Izmir region of Turkey (Figure 1). The focal mechanism of the Samos earthquake, provided by both teleseismic and geodetic information, is as yet ambiguous due to the lack of near-field observation near the epicenter. A north-dipping extensional normal fault with an almost east-west strike was proposed for the mainshock by , while both south-and north-dipping fault models were proposed in previous studies (

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Tsunami Waves in Izmit Bay

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Does a Damaged‐Fault Zone Mitigate the Near‐Field Impact of Supershear Earthquakes?—Application to the 2018 7.5 Palu, Indonesia, Earthquake

Does a Damaged‐Fault Zone Mitigate the Near‐Field Impact of Supershear Earthquakes?—Application to the 2018 7.5 Palu, Indonesia, Earthquake

Tsunami propagation modelling – a sensitivity study

Source Characteristics and Exacerbated Tsunami Hazard of the 2020 Mw 6.9 Samos Earthquake in Eastern Aegean Sea

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