Tsunami inundation maps of Port Valdez, Alaska

Nicolsky, D. J.; Suleimani, E.; Haeussler, Peter J.; Ryan, Holly F.; Koehler, Richard; Combellick, R. A.; Hansen, R. A.

doi:10.14509/25055

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The 1964 Recent tsunami modelling studies use the results of paleoseismic studies to develop tectonic models for a range of credible scenarios of potential tsunamigenic earthquakes (Nicolsky et al, 2013;Nicolsky et al, 2014). In addition to tectonic models of the Mw 9.2 1964 earthquake, they consider scenarios that range from Mw 8.7 or 8.8 single segment earthquakes to Mw 9.3 multi-segment earthquakes, and a variety of different slip distributions.…”

Section: Tectonic Setting and Plate Segmentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to tectonic models of the Mw 9.2 1964 earthquake, they consider scenarios that range from Mw 8.7 or 8.8 single segment earthquakes to Mw 9.3 multi-segment earthquakes, and a variety of different slip distributions. Here we take four of their scenarios ( Figure 5 and (Nicolsky et al, 2013). The final scenario is for a hypothetical Mw 9.3 earthquake modelled as a simultaneous rupture of the Prince William Sound, Kenai and Kodiak segments, the western part of the Yakutat microplate and the Patton Bay splay fault (Nicolsky et al, 2013;Suito and Freymueller, 2009 Interest in the use of microfossil analyses within coastal paleoseismology developed quickly in the years following Atwater's 1987 paper, applying the approaches honed to study non-seismic relative sea-level change in numerous regions.…”

Section: Tectonic Setting and Plate Segmentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here we take four of their scenarios ( Figure 5 and (Nicolsky et al, 2013). The final scenario is for a hypothetical Mw 9.3 earthquake modelled as a simultaneous rupture of the Prince William Sound, Kenai and Kodiak segments, the western part of the Yakutat microplate and the Patton Bay splay fault (Nicolsky et al, 2013;Suito and Freymueller, 2009 Interest in the use of microfossil analyses within coastal paleoseismology developed quickly in the years following Atwater's 1987 paper, applying the approaches honed to study non-seismic relative sea-level change in numerous regions. At that time, such studies of relative sea-level change still used qualitative approaches in assessing microfossil evidence, many influenced by the meticulous work of Tooley (1974Tooley ( , 1976Tooley ( , 1978.…”

Section: Tectonic Setting and Plate Segmentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection limits of tidal-wetland sequences to identify variable rupture modes of megathrust earthquakes

Shennan

Garrett

Barlow

2016

Quaternary Science Reviews

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Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. earthquakes. We conclude that coastal paleoseismological studies benefit from a methodological framework that employs rigorous evaluation of five essential criteria and a sixth which may be very robust but only occur at some sites: 1 -lateral extent of peat-mud or mud-peat couplets with sharp contacts; 2 -suddenness of submergence or emergence, and replicated within each site; 3 -amount of vertical motion, quantified with 95% error terms and replicated within each site; 4 -syncroneity of submergence and emergence based on statistical age modelling; 5 -spatial pattern of submergence and emergence; 6 -possible additional evidence, such as evidence of a tsunami or liquefaction concurrent with submergence or emergence. We suggest that it is possible to consider detection limits as low as 0.1 to 0.2 m coseismic vertical change. Introduction and structure of the paperCoastal paleoseismology provides critical information that helps to improve understanding and modelling of seismic hazards, including associated tsunami, at all major subduction zones. Key contributions to practical earthquake hazard assessment include the identification of great (magnitude 8 or 9) earthquakes during the Holocene where there is no historical record (Atwater, 1987); earthquakes of substantially greater magnitude than directly observed (Minoura et al., 2001;Sawai et al., 2008); estimating recurrence intervals of great earthquakes (Atwater and HemphillHaley, 1997;Nelson et al., 1995); and defining different patterns of rupture along a subduction zone (Cisternas et al., 2005;Kelsey et al., 2002;Nelson et al., 2006;Sawai et al., 2004). Since publication of the seminal paper (Atwater, 1987), and widespread adoption of well-tested field and analytical methods (e.g. Atwater and Hemphill-Haley, 1997;Hayward et al., 2006;Kelsey, 2015;Nelson, 2015;Nelson et al., 1996;Witter, 2015) debate moved on to questions critical for hazard assessment, emergency planning and international building code design (Mueller et al., 2015;Wesson et al., 2007). Key questions include the extent of past great earthquake ruptures (a proxy for magnitude), the identification of the boundaries between rupture segments, the persistence of these boundaries over multiple earthquake cycles, recurrence intervals of great earthquakes in each segment, the role of aseismic slip, and whether segments of plate boundaries that are currently creeping can generate great earthquakes Goldfinger et al., 2012;Hayward et al., 2015;Kelsey et al., 2015;Mueller...

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Section: Tectonic Setting and Plate Segmentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tectonic Setting and Plate Segmentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tectonic Setting and Plate Segmentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Detection limits of tidal-wetland sequences to identify variable rupture modes of megathrust earthquakes

Shennan

Garrett

Barlow

2016

Quaternary Science Reviews

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“…Nicolsky et al . [] also concluded that most of the slide source was south of Valdez old town. The northernmost reach of the landslide scarp we interpret in Figure is consistent with the location of the one filmed on board the Chena (Figure d).…”

Section: Observationsmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Further, Nicolsky et al . [] are able to reproduce observed runup at Valdez old town with a far‐traveled debris flow model. Here we investigate whether the simplest landslide scenarios can explain the observations; establishing the range of possible model fits is useful since quantitative landslide tsunami forecasts are becoming more prevalent [e.g., Masson et al ., ; ten Brink et al ., ; Suleimani et al ., ; Nicolsky et al ., ].…”

Section: Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source and progression of a submarine landslide and tsunami: The 1964 Great Alaska earthquake at Valdez

et al. 2014

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Like many subduction zone earthquakes, the deadliest aspects of the 1964 M = 9.2 Alaska earthquake were the tsunamis it caused. The worst of these were generated by local submarine landslides induced by the earthquake. These caused high runups, engulfing several coastal towns in Prince William Sound. In this paper, we study one of these cases in detail, the Port Valdez submarine landslide and tsunami. We combine eyewitness reports, preserved film, and careful posttsunami surveys with new geophysical data to inform numerical models for landslide tsunami generation. We review the series of events as recorded at Valdez old town and then determine the corresponding subsurface events that led to the tsunami. We build digital elevation models of part of the pretsunami and posttsunami fjord-head delta. Comparing them reveals a~1500 m long region that receded 150 m to the east, which we interpret as the primary delta landslide source. Multibeam imagery and high-resolution seismic reflection data identify ã 400 m wide chute with hummocky deposits at its terminus, which may define the primary slide path. Using these elements we run hydrodynamic models of the landslide-driven tsunamis that match observations of current direction, maximum inundation, and wave height at Valdez old town. We speculate that failure conditions at the delta front may have been influenced by manmade changes in drainage patterns as well as the fast retreat of Valdez and other glaciers during the past century.

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Developing an Approximate Tsunami Hazard Zone for Areas with Poor Topographic Coverage in Alaska

Nicolsky

Suleimani

Koehler

et al. 2019

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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Tsunami inundation maps of Port Valdez, Alaska

Cited by 7 publications

References 19 publications

Detection limits of tidal-wetland sequences to identify variable rupture modes of megathrust earthquakes

Detection limits of tidal-wetland sequences to identify variable rupture modes of megathrust earthquakes

Source and progression of a submarine landslide and tsunami: The 1964 Great Alaska earthquake at Valdez

Developing an Approximate Tsunami Hazard Zone for Areas with Poor Topographic Coverage in Alaska

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