Tryptophan via serotonin/kynurenine pathways abnormalities in a large cohort of aggressive inmates: markers for aggression

Comai, Stefano; Bertazzo, Antonella; Vachon, Jeanne; Daigle, Marc; Toupin, Jean; Côté, Gilles; Turecki, Gustavo; Gobbi, Gabriella

doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2016.04.012

Cited by 48 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Furthermore, the signatures reported by metabolomics studies are in agreement with the polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism hypothesis [35] and the membrane phospholipid hypothesis [36] of schizophrenia [37]. A study has validated the potential of tryptophan to be a biomarker for aggression [38]. Another study suggested using lipid levels to predict violent behaviours in schizophrenia [22].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…We identified L-methionine, the ratio of L-asparagine to L-aspartic acid, glutaric acid, L-sorbose and vanillylmandelic acid as predictors of violence in schizophrenia patients. A previous study reported serotonin/tryptophan *1000, antisocial behaviour and global assessment of functioning were good predictors of aggressive behaviours among inmate (AUC = 0.851) [38]. Metabolic predictors always showed variability in different studies with schizophrenia patients [32,73,74]; however, some consistent potential biomarkers of schizophrenia have been discovered [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Dysregulation of amino acids and lipids metabolism in schizophrenia with violence

Chen

Tang³

et al. 2020

BMC Psychiatry

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Background: Many studies have related biochemical characteristics to violence and have reported schizophrenia could elevated the risk of violent behaviour. However, the metabolic characteristics of schizophrenia patients with violence (V.SC) are unclear. Methods: To explore the metabolic characteristics of schizophrenia with violence and to identify potential biomarkers, untargeted metabolomics was performed by using gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry to analyse the plasma metabolites of fifty-three V.SC and twenty-four schizophrenia patients without violence (NV.SC). Multivariate and univariate analyses were performed to identify differential metabolites and biomarkers. Violence was assessed by the MacArthur Violence Assessment Study method. Psychiatric symptoms were assessed by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Results: Multivariate analysis was unable to distinguish V.SC from NV.SC. Glycerolipid metabolism and phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis were the differential metabolic pathways between V.SC and NV.SC. We confirmed ten metabolites and five metabolites as metabolic biomarkers of V.SC by random forest and support vector machine analysis, respectively. The biomarker panel, including the ratio of L-asparagine to L-aspartic acid, vanillylmandelic acid and glutaric acid, yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.808. Conclusions: This study gives a holistic view of the metabolic phenotype of schizophrenia with violence which is characterized by the dysregulation of lipids and amino acids. These results might provide information for the aetiological understanding and management of violence in schizophrenia; however, this is a preliminary metabolomics study about schizophrenia with violence, which needs to be repeated in future studies.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Dysregulation of amino acids and lipids metabolism in schizophrenia with violence

Chen

Tang³

et al. 2020

BMC Psychiatry

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“…In the between-family discovery analysis we observed higher, non-significant, levels of L-tryptophan in children with high aggression, though the replication analysis revealed significantly lower L-tryptophan levels in children with high aggression. A previous study reported lower serum levels of tryptophan in aggressive inmates and increases in the ratio of tryptophan to serotonin (39). Similarly, lower plasma L-tryptophan levels have been observed in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) as compared to controls (40).…”

Section: Serotonergic Dopaminergic and Gabaergic Pathways And Childmentioning

confidence: 90%

Urinary Amine and Organic Acid Metabolites Evaluated as Markers for Childhood Aggression: The ACTION Biomarker Study

et al. 2020

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“…The increase in brain serotonergic system activity during stress exposition has been reported in fish (Höglund et al., ; Schjolden, Pulman, Pottinger, Tottmar & Winberg, ) and could be related to impaired behaviour in rodents (Waselus, Nazzaro, Valentino & Van Bockstaele, ) and humans (Barton et al., ), while its inhibition could have a beneficial effect in behaviour (Valentino, Lucki & Van Bockstaele, ). Furthermore, situations that mediate a sustained increase in 5‐HT function could lead to a reduction in 5‐HT content and induce mood disorders in fish (Winberg & Nilsson, ), while the reduction in central serotonergic function could mediate impulsivity and disinhibited behaviour (Comai et al., ). These data together suggest that higher dietary Trp content could improve the ability of totoaba juveniles to cope with acute stress by decreasing the serotonergic system activation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of L-tryptophan supplemented diets on serotonergic system and plasma cortisol inTotoaba macdonaldi(Gilbert, 1890) juvenile exposed to acute stress by handling and hypoxia

Cabanillas‐Gámez¹,

López²,

Galavíz³

et al. 2017

Aquac Res

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Brain serotonin and cortisol play a central role in integrating the neuroendocrine response to stress. Previous studies in aquatic species show that dietary supplementation with the 5-HT precursor L-tryptophan amino acid is able to modulate this response. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary tryptophan (Trp) on the serotonergic system and acute stress response in Totoaba macdonaldi.Four groups of fish were fed with one of four isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets formulated with different Trp content: 0.5% (1X TRP, control diet), 1.1% (2X TRP), 1.7% (3X TRP) and 2.3% (4X TRP). After a feeding period of 21 days, groups were exposed to acute stress by handling with a net or hypoxia. Feeding with Trpenriched diets resulted in increased 5-HT content in telencephalon of undisturbed fish. Handling increased the 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA) and serotonin turnover (5-HIAA/5-HT) in telencephalon of fish fed with 1X TRP and 2X TRP but was not significant for the fish fed 3X TRP and 4X TRP, and no significant increase was observed by hypoxia in both telencephalon and hypothalamus in any of the diets. An inverted U-shaped response was observed in plasma cortisol increasing with 2X TRP after both handling and hypoxia and decreasing with diets rich in Trp, 3X TRP and 4X TRP. A higher increase was observed in haematocrit, plasma glucose and lactate in hypoxia than the handling groups. Our results indicate that Trp supplementation modulated cortisol response and mediated negative feedback of 5-HT system in telencephalon after acute stress. K E Y W O R D Scortisol, handling, hypoxia, serotonin turnover, totoaba, tryptophan

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Tryptophan via serotonin/kynurenine pathways abnormalities in a large cohort of aggressive inmates: markers for aggression

Cited by 48 publications

References 49 publications

Dysregulation of amino acids and lipids metabolism in schizophrenia with violence

Dysregulation of amino acids and lipids metabolism in schizophrenia with violence

Urinary Amine and Organic Acid Metabolites Evaluated as Markers for Childhood Aggression: The ACTION Biomarker Study

Effect of L-tryptophan supplemented diets on serotonergic system and plasma cortisol inTotoaba macdonaldi(Gilbert, 1890) juvenile exposed to acute stress by handling and hypoxia

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