Tryptophan-rich diet is negatively associated with depression and positively linked to social cognition

Reuter, Martin; Zamoscik, Vera; Plieger, Thomas; Bravo, Rafael; Ugartemendia, Lierni; Rodríguez, Ana B.; Koehler, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2020.10.005

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…A 2015 study in 25 healthy young adults demonstrated that consuming more dietary tryptophan resulted in less depressive symptoms and decreased anxiety [94]. A tryptophan-rich diet is not only a potential protective factor against depression but also positively related to functioning in social cognition [95]. Particularly in the elderly, mild and moderate depression may be associated with a lower intake of tryptophan [96].…”

Section: Neurotransmitter Balancementioning

confidence: 99%

Lifestyle Adjustments in Long-COVID Management: Potential Benefits of Plant-Based Diets

Storz

2021

Curr Nutr Rep

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Purpose of Review The SARS-CoV-2-pandemic has caused mortality and morbidity at an unprecedented global scale. Many patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 continue to experience symptoms after the acute phase of infection and report fatigue, sleep difficulties, anxiety, and depression as well as arthralgia and muscle weakness. Summarized under the umbrella term “long-COVID,” these symptoms may last weeks to months and impose a substantial burden on affected individuals. Dietary approaches to tackle these complications have received comparably little attention. Although plant-based diets in particular were shown to exert benefits on underlying conditions linked to poor COVID-19 outcomes, their role with regard to COVID-19 sequelae is yet largely unknown. Thus, this review sought to investigate whether a plant-based diet could reduce the burden of long-COVID. Recent Findings The number of clinical trials investigating the role of plant-based nutrition in COVID-19 prevention and management is currently limited. Yet, there is evidence from pre-pandemic observational and clinical studies that a plant-based diet may be of general benefit with regard to several clinical conditions that can also be found in individuals with COVID-19. These include anxiety, depression, sleep disorders, and musculoskeletal pain. Adoption of a plant-based diet leads to a reduced intake in pro-inflammatory mediators and could be one accessible strategy to tackle long-COVID associated prolonged systemic inflammation. Summary Plant-based diets may be of general benefit with regard to some of the most commonly found COVID-19 sequelae. Additional trials investigating which plant-based eating patterns confer the greatest benefit in the battle against long-COVID are urgently warranted.

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Section: Neurotransmitter Balancementioning

confidence: 99%

Lifestyle Adjustments in Long-COVID Management: Potential Benefits of Plant-Based Diets

Storz

2021

Curr Nutr Rep

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“…As mentioned above, ACE inhibitory tripeptides prefer C‐terminal W. Therefore, a W‐rich diet is more likely to reduce blood pressure. Chia seeds, edible seeds of chia plant, have a high concentration of W (440 mg/100 g) (Kałużna‐Czaplińska et al., 2019; Reuter et al., 2021). Some studies have shown a promising potential of chia seeds to inhibit the activity of ACE.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on the characteristics and mechanisms of ACE inhibitory peptides by a thorough analysis of all 8000 tripeptides via binding free energy calculation

Chen

Miao

Hao

et al. 2021

Food Science & Nutrition

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Food‐derived angiotensin I‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides represent a potential source of new antihypertensive. However, their characteristics and binding mechanisms were not well understood. In this study, novel energy calculation and experimentation were combined to elucidate the characteristics and mechanisms of ACE inhibitory tripeptides. ACE inhibitory activity of all 8,000 tripeptides was investigated by in silico experiments. IC50 values of the five top‐rated tripeptides ranged from 5.86 to 21.84 μM. Five hundred top‐ranked tripeptides were chosen for detailed structure–activity analysis, and a significant preference for aromatic amino acids at both C‐ and N‐terminus was found. By binding free energy analysis of nine representative tripeptides via MM/GBSA, electrostatic energy was found to be the leading energy that contributed to the binding of ACE with its high affinity tripeptides. Besides, S355, V380, and V518, three residues positioned around the classical binding pockets of ACE, also played a key role in ACE's binding. Therefore, for tripeptides, their binding pockets in ACE were redefined. In conclusion, the characteristics of ACE inhibitory peptides were more deeply illustrated by the thorough analysis of all tripeptides. The energy analysis allows a better understanding of the binding mechanisms of ACE inhibitory peptides, which could be used to redesign the ACE inhibitors for stronger inhibitory activity.

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“…The daily consumption of TRP, even at a dose 5.0 g, is safe [ 29 ]. Such high doses of tryptophan are used to treat mental illness [ 30 , 31 ], but their use is limited by side effects, such as headaches and dizziness [ 32 ]. In turn, insufficient tryptophan intake causes a decrease in serotonin levels, and altered mental mood [ 33 , 34 ], which have also been observed in IBS patients [ 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Reduced Tryptophan Diet in Patients with Diarrhoea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome Improves Their Abdominal Symptoms and Their Quality of Life through Reduction of Serotonin Levels and Its Urinary Metabolites

Chojnacki

Medrek-Socha

Błońska

et al. 2022

IJMS

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(1). An essential component of any treatment for patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is an adequate diet. Currently, a low FODMAP diet is recommended as a first-line therapy, but it does not relieve abdominal discomfort in all patients, and alternative nutritional treatment is required. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a tryptophan-lowering diet (TRP) on abdominal and mental symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome with predominant diarrhea (IBS-D). (2). The study included 40 patients with IBS-D, and 40 healthy subjects served as a baseline for IBS-D patients, after excluding comorbidities. The TRP intake was calculated using the nutritional calculator. The severity of abdominal symptoms was assessed using the gastrointestinal symptom rating scale (GSRS-IBS). Mental state was assessed using the Hamilton anxiety rating scale (HAM-A), the Hamilton depression rating scale (HAM-D), and the insomnia severity index (ISI). The serum levels of serotonin and melatonin and the urinary excretion of their metabolites 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (aMT6) were determined by the ELISA method. The severity of symptoms and laboratory data were analyzed before and after a 12 week diet with tryptophan restricted to a daily dose 10 mg per kilogram body weight. (3). Compared to the control group, patients with IBS-D had a higher serum level of serotonin (198.2 ± 38.1 vs. 142.3 ± 36.4 ng/mL; p < 0.001) but a similar level of melatonin (8.6 ± 1.1 vs. 9.4 ± 3.0 pg/mL; p > 0.05). The urinary excretion of 5-HIAA was also higher in patients with IBS-D patients (7.7 ± 1.5 vs. 6.0 ± 1.7 mg/24 h; p < 0.001). After nutritional treatment, both the serum serotonin level and the urinary 5-HIAA excretion significantly decreased (p < 0.001). The severity of the abdominal symptoms and anxiety also decreased, while the HAM-D score and the ISI score remained unchanged (4). Lowering the dietary intake of tryptophan may reduce abdominal complaints and does not alter the mental state of IBS-D patients.

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Tryptophan-rich diet is negatively associated with depression and positively linked to social cognition

Cited by 21 publications

References 22 publications

Lifestyle Adjustments in Long-COVID Management: Potential Benefits of Plant-Based Diets

Lifestyle Adjustments in Long-COVID Management: Potential Benefits of Plant-Based Diets

Investigation on the characteristics and mechanisms of ACE inhibitory peptides by a thorough analysis of all 8000 tripeptides via binding free energy calculation

A Reduced Tryptophan Diet in Patients with Diarrhoea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome Improves Their Abdominal Symptoms and Their Quality of Life through Reduction of Serotonin Levels and Its Urinary Metabolites

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