Tryptophan metabolism in health and disease

Xue, Chao; Li, Ganglei; Zheng, Qiuxian; Gu, Xinyu; Shi, Qingmiao; Su, Yuanshuai; Chu, Qingfei; Yuan, Xin; Bao, Zhengyi; Lu, Juan; Li, Lanjuan

doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2023.06.004

Cited by 112 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 186 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In fact, IDO1 is highly expressed in M2 macrophages in the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) microenvironment, decreasing free Trp, which results, as previously mentioned, in negative regulation of CD8 + T cells [12]. Similarly, this mechanism was observed not only in HCC but also in metastatic pancreatic cancer and in blood system disease such as non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, where IDO1 resulted in a significant increase in the levels of CD4+,CD25+, FOXP3+ Treg cells [7 ▪▪ ]. In this light, Trp metabolism was identified as a possible therapeutic target and several trials are ongoing using IDO1 inhibitors in different types of cancers.…”

Section: Kynurenine Pathway and Immune Dysfunctionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…In this light, the IDO-KYN pathway has been largely studied in the last few years for understanding the cancer-immunity escape mechanism and modulation of T-cell activity [9 ▪▪ ]. For instance, in colorectal cancer increased activity of IDO1 are associated with lower infiltration of immune cells such as lymphocytes T CD3+, CD8+, CD3+ CD8+, and NK CD57+ cells in tumor microenvironment, suggesting an impaired local immune response [7 ▪▪ ]. Also, Kyn and its metabolites can directly interact with the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) [10].…”

Section: Kynurenine Pathway and Immune Dysfunctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Importantly, Kyn, anthranilic acid, 3-HK, and xanturenic acid may pass through the blood--brain barrier and affect neural mechanisms. Also, quinolonic acid has been considered as a possible player of different cognitive disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and depression [6,7 ▪▪ ]. The quinolonic acid is also converted to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)+, an important coenzyme in energy metabolism also during malnutrition in cancer [8 ▪ ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Tryptophan metabolism and kynurenine metabolites in cancer: systemic nutritional and metabolic implications

Molfino,

Imbimbo,

Gallicchio

et al. 2024

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition &Amp; Metabolic Care

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose of review To describe the role of Tryptophan (Trp) metabolism and Kynurenine (Kyn) metabolites in nutritional and metabolic changes in cancer. Recent findings Trp is in part utilized for protein and neurotransmitters biosynthesis, but more than 95% is implicated in Kyn pathways. In this molecular cascade, metabolites are produced with distinct biological activities regulating the immune response and neurotransmission with potential implications in malnutrition/cachexia during cancer. Immune dysfunction is a phenomenon occurring during cancer and malnutrition. Kyn metabolites regulate lymphocytes activity and recent data in animals showed that the inhibition of indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) via 1-methyl-tryptophan determines partial amelioration of inflammation, but no positive effects on the preservation of muscularity were observed. Kynurenines seem to contribute to muscle catabolism via NAD+ biosynthesis and ROS generation. Trp metabolism via the serotonin biosynthesis is involved in appetite control in cancer. Moreover, kynurenines have a role in determining fatigue in conditions associated with inflammation. Summary Trp metabolism has implications in immune and energy balance in cancer. The modulation of Trp and kynurenines have impact on central nervous system mechanisms, including appetite, fatigue, and muscle wasting/cachexia. Research focusing on these clinical implications will open new scenario for therapeutic interventions aimed at counteracting nutritional derangements in cancer.

show abstract

Section: Kynurenine Pathway and Immune Dysfunctionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Kynurenine Pathway and Immune Dysfunctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Tryptophan metabolism and kynurenine metabolites in cancer: systemic nutritional and metabolic implications

Molfino,

Imbimbo,

Gallicchio

et al. 2024

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition &Amp; Metabolic Care

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…44 On the pathways screened in Figure 10B, the glycerolide metabolism pathway is closely related to the anticancer and antidiabetic pharmacological activities of A. catechu, and the tryptophan metabolism pathway is closely related to the pharmacological activities of A. catechu against hypertension and depression. 45 The number of compounds in other pathways is too small and not discussed here. In Figure 10, the points corresponding to Chinese production areas are larger and more significant than those corresponding to Southeast Asian production areas.…”

Section: Differential Metabolites Of Areca Nut Seeds From Different C...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative metabolomics study on areca nut from China and Southeast Asia (Thailand and Indonesia)

Zhang,

Sun,

et al. 2023

Phytochemical Analysis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionAreca nut is an economic crop and an important component in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and ethnomedicine. The crop is rich in alkaloids and flavonoids. Most previous studies have focused on the chemical components, especially alkaloids, in crops from certain areca nut‐producing areas.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to compare the differences in areca nut seeds in two main cultivation areas, identify differential metabolites, and evaluate seed quality in different production areas.MethodsA widely targeted metabolomics method based on ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐QQQ‐MS), combined with the TCM systems pharmacology (TCMSP) database and multivariate statistical analysis, was used in this study to maximise the differentiation between quality characteristics of areca nut seeds from China and Southeast Asian regions.ResultsAltogether, 1031 metabolites were identified in areca nut seeds; by querying the TCMSP database, 375 metabolites were identified as the main active ingredients. Moreover, the research showed that the metabolic profiles of areca nut seeds from China (ASCN) and Southeast Asia (ASSA) exhibit significant differences, and the difference is mainly reflected in 318 compounds. The relative content of 146 metabolites in ASCN was significantly higher than that in ASSA. Through Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) comparative analysis, areca nut seed metabolites in Chinese production areas were determined to have a wider metabolic pathway.ConclusionThe areca nut seeds from cultivation areas possess many metabolites that are beneficial for health, including alkaloids, amino acids, phenolic acids, and lipids. Thus, compared with ASSA, ASCN have a higher medicinal value. This study provides a direction for the subsequent development and utilisation of areca nut seeds.

show abstract

“…Tryptophan, an indispensable amino acid, serves as a precursor to numerous biologically active compounds. Intestinal microorganisms can convert tryptophan into various molecules, including ligands for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) [39]. The AhR signaling pathway plays a crucial role in maintaining the turnover of intestinal epithelial cells and preserving the integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier.…”

Section: Tryptophan Metabolism Disruptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiome dynamics in rheumatic diseases

Wang,

2023

Current Opinion in Rheumatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose of review Rheumatic disease are characterized by their autoimmune nature, frequently affecting joints, bones, muscles, blood vessels, and connective tissues. The onset of these conditions typically unfolds gradually and subtly. It is noteworthy that individuals with rheumatic diseases often experience shifts in their microbiome, specifically on mucosal surfaces. The purpose of this review is to delve into the intricate interplay between the microbiome, encompassing bacteria, viruses and fungi, and its role in the development and aggravation of various rheumatic diseases. Additionally, it aims to offer insights into microbiome-centered therapeutic approaches for patients in the field of rheumatology. Recent findings The advent of next-generation sequencing has significantly improved our understanding of microbiome changes. Numerous studies have consistently revealed a strong link between rheumatism and the microbiome, especially in the oral and gut microbiota. Summary A deeper comprehension of the microbiome's connection to rheumatism holds potential for enhancing disease diagnosis and treatment. Targeted therapeutic approaches, including probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and combination therapies with medications, offer promising avenues for disease management.

show abstract

Tryptophan metabolism in health and disease

Cited by 112 publications

References 186 publications

Tryptophan metabolism and kynurenine metabolites in cancer: systemic nutritional and metabolic implications

Tryptophan metabolism and kynurenine metabolites in cancer: systemic nutritional and metabolic implications

Comparative metabolomics study on areca nut from China and Southeast Asia (Thailand and Indonesia)

Microbiome dynamics in rheumatic diseases

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About