Tryptophan hydroxylase and 5-HTP-decar☐ylase activity in cockroach brain and the effects of p-chlorophenylalanine and 3-hydroxybenzylhydrazine (NSD-1015)

Pandey, Anju; Habibulla, M; Singh, Rameshwar

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(83)91095-8

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Other pharmacological agents commonly used in vertebrates for 5-HT depletion, for example, pchlorophenylalanine, reserpine, and 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine, were not tried. The selectivity and efficacy of these agents when used in insects varies widely (Omar et al, 1982;Sloley and Owen, 1982;Pandey et al, 1983;Brookhart et al, 1987). Also, when these agentsdo cause a depletion of CNS 5-HT in invertebrate preparations, in most cases it is a partial and short-term depletion, not the total depletion for the long durations needed for our experiments in Mundzica (Glover and Kramer, 1982;Lent and Dickinson, 1984;Murphy et al, 1984;Nassel and Elekes, 1985;Gadotti et al, 1986;Orchard, 1990, 1993).…”

Section: Pharmacological Ablationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Development of an identified serotonergic neuron in the antennal lobe of the moth and effects of reduction in serotonin during construction of olfactory glomeruli

et al. 1995

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Each olfactory (antennal) lobe of the moth Manduca sexta contains a single serotonin (5-HT) immunoreactive neuron whose processes form tufted arbors in the olfactory glomeruli. To extend our present understanding of the intercellular interactions involved in glomerulus development to the level of an individual, identified antennal lobe neuron, we first studied the morphological development of the 5-HT neuron in the presence and absence of receptor axons. Development of the neuron's glomerular tufts depends, as it does in the case of other multiglomerular neurons, on the presence of receptor axons. Processes of the 5-HT neuron are excluded from the region in which the initial steps of glomerulus construction occur and thus cannot provide a physical scaffolding on which the array of glomeruli is organized. Because the neuron's processes are present in the antennal lobe neuropil throughout postembryonic development, 5-HT could provide signals that influence the pattern of development in the lobe. By surgically producing 5-HT-depleted antennal lobes, we also tested the importance of 5-HT in the construction of olfactory glomeruli. Even in the apparent absence of 5-HT, the glomerular array initiated by the receptor axons was histologically normal, glial cells migrated to form glomerular borders, and receptor axons formed terminal branches in their normal region within each glomerulus. In some cases, 5-HT-immunoreactive processes from abnormal sources entered the lobe and formed the tufted intraglomerular branches typical of most antennal lobe neurons, suggesting that local cues strongly influence the branching patterns of developing antennal lobe neurons.

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Section: Pharmacological Ablationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Development of an identified serotonergic neuron in the antennal lobe of the moth and effects of reduction in serotonin during construction of olfactory glomeruli

et al. 1995

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“…Finally, pharmacologic manipulations that increase 5-HTP concentration in neurons resulted in an increase in the level and consistency of 5-HTP immunolabeling in Tritonia. Treatment of the ganglia for 2 hours with tryptophan (2 mM) and m-hydroxybenzylhydrazine (mHBH; 10 mM), an inhibitor of aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) (Pandey et al, 1983), increased the intensity of 5-HTP immunoreactivity compared with treatment with tryptophan (2 mM) alone in the nonserotonergic pleural neurons. The 5-HTP immunofluorescence intensity was significantly increased from 24 Ϯ 1 (n ϭ 54 cells from two preparations) to 37 Ϯ 1 arbitrary intensity units (n ϭ 71 cells from two preparations) (P Յ 0.001, t test).…”

Section: Specificity Of 5-htp Immunolabelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization and quantification of 5‐hydroxytryptophan and serotonin in the central nervous systems of Tritonia and Aplysia

et al. 2001

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Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) plays a central role in several behaviors in marine molluscs and other species. In an effort to better understand the regulation of 5-HT synthesis, we used high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with electrochemical detection and immunohistochemistry to measure and map the distribution of the immediate precursor of 5-HT, 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), in two model opisthobranch molluscs, the nudibranch Tritonia diomedea and the anaspid Aplysia californica. HPLC measurements showed that 5-HTP is present at approximately the same level as the 5-HT metabolite, 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid (5-HIAA) but is more than 100 times lower in concentration than either 5-HT or dopamine in the same tissue. Specific 5-HTP immunoreactivity was colocalized with serotonin in both species. The overall intensity of 5-HTP immunoreactivity in individual ganglia agreed with HPLC measurements for those ganglia. The intensity of 5-HTP immunolabeling varied between cell types and was correlated with the intensity of 5-HT immunolabeling. In particular, differences in staining intensity were consistently seen among the three dorsal swim interneurons of the Tritonia swim central pattern generator circuit. Some nonserotonergic neurons also displayed low levels of 5-HTP immunolabeling that were above background levels. Together, these results support the notion that production of 5-HTP is a rate-limiting step in serotonin synthesis and suggest that there may be additional regulation that allows 5-HTP to accumulate to varying levels.

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“…Both arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) and tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) had patterns similar to that observed for melatonin, with peaks between 20 h and 23 h and low values at 8 h, 11 h, and 14 h. In fact, Pearson's correlation test was significant for both enzymes, showing that the melatonin production oscillates with the activity of the tryptophan hydroxylase and of the arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase. AANAT and TPH have been previously described in different invertebrate taxa, such as flatworms (Nishimura et al, 2007), molluscs (Blanc et al, 2003), arthropods (Pandey et al, 1983;Withyachumnarnkul et al, 1995;Itoh et al, 1997;Bao et al, 2010), and even sea urchins (TPH only) (Yaguchi and Katow, 2003); but as far as we know, this is the first description in an asteroid echinoderm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Melatonin Production in the Sea Star Echinaster brasiliensis (Echinodermata)

Peres

Amaral

Marques

et al. 2014

The Biological Bulletin

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The primary hormone of the vertebrate pineal gland, melatonin, has been identified broadly throughout the tree of life, in animals, plants, and fungi, supporting a deep evolutionary origin for this signaling molecule. However, some key groups have not been studied. Echinoderms, deuterostome animals, are one of these groups. Herein we study the presence of melatonin and enzymes of its pathway in the sea star Echinaster brasiliensis. We demonstrate that E. brasiliensis produces endogenous melatonin, in the gonads, under a circadian pattern with a nocturnal peak of production. We also show that the enzymes arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) and tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) are present and are probably regulating the melatonin production.

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Tryptophan hydroxylase and 5-HTP-decar☐ylase activity in cockroach brain and the effects of p-chlorophenylalanine and 3-hydroxybenzylhydrazine (NSD-1015)

Cited by 10 publications

References 15 publications

Development of an identified serotonergic neuron in the antennal lobe of the moth and effects of reduction in serotonin during construction of olfactory glomeruli

Development of an identified serotonergic neuron in the antennal lobe of the moth and effects of reduction in serotonin during construction of olfactory glomeruli

Localization and quantification of 5‐hydroxytryptophan and serotonin in the central nervous systems of Tritonia and Aplysia

Melatonin Production in the Sea Star Echinaster brasiliensis (Echinodermata)

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