Trypanosomosis in Ethiopia

Abebe, Girma

doi:10.4314/ejbs.v4i1.39017

Cited by 72 publications

(136 citation statements)

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“…In Gimbi district of western Wollega zone of Oromiya regional state, trypanosomiasis is one of the most important problems impeding agricultural activity and the production potential of livestock population [25]. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to assess the distribution and apparent density of its vectors in the study area.…”

Section: Survey Of Apparent Density Of Tsetse and Other Biting Flies mentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of Apparent Density of Tsetse and other Biting flies in Gimbi district, West Wollega, Western Ethiopia

Batu¹,

Abera²,

Tadesse³

et al. 2018

SOJVS

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A cross-sectional study was carried out from March to May 2014 to determine an apparent density of the tsetse and other biting flies in selected peasant associations (PAs) of Gimbi district. The methods employed during the study were deploying trap for the collection of tsetse and other biting flies. Forty five traps were deployed for 48 hr for collection of tsetse fly. During this entomological survey, a total of 58 tsetse flies, 26 Stomoxys, 33 Tabanus and 2 Haematopota were caught from the three selected PAs during study period. The two major Glossina species captured in the study area were G. m. submorsitans (3.4 %) and G. tachinoides (96.6 %) in which relatively higher numbers of G. tachnoides were caught. Majority of collected of tsetse flies were females (1.5%) in which higher number is Glossina tachnoides as compared to G. m. sub. moristans. About 15 Tabanus and 18 Stomoxys were recorded in Tole PA, without the presence of tsetse flies. The absence of these flies in the area might be due to the time in which the survey was conducted. In Jogir PA, about one (1) G. m. sub moristans (female) and fifty six (56) G tachnoides (45 male and 11 females) were investigated. Totally, about fifty seven (57) tsetse flies were recorded this PA. The fly per trap per day in this PA was 1.9. Different biting flies such as Tabanus (10) and Stomoxys (1) were recorded in this PA. Only a single of female G. m. sub moristans with other biting flies like Tabanus (8), Stomoxys (17) and Heamatopota (2) were observed in Inango Denbeli. The overall apparent density of tsetse flies trapped was 0.965 flies/trap/day and male tsetse flies were foremost in number. Different apparent densities of tsetse flies were recorded in three villages or PAs (0 in Tole, 1.93 in Jogir and 0.03 in Inango Denbeli). Other biting flies caught were Stomoxys (22.2 %), Haematopota (4.4 %) and Tabanus (73.3 %). About 1.9 apparent densities for G. tachnoides and 0.03 densities for G. m. submorsitans were recorded in riverine and savanna vegetation types, respectively. Sexes of the tsetse flies were easily identified by enlarged hypophgeum in the posterior ventral part of the abdomen. However low density of tsetse flies was recorded, these flies are very important in transmitting trypanosomosis and other diseases to the animals in Gimbi district either biologically or mechanically. So, an appropriate tsetse control methods should be warranted to reach tsetse infested area in a sustainable manner to alleviate the problem in the area.

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Section: Survey Of Apparent Density Of Tsetse and Other Biting Flies mentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of Apparent Density of Tsetse and other Biting flies in Gimbi district, West Wollega, Western Ethiopia

Batu¹,

Abera²,

Tadesse³

et al. 2018

SOJVS

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“…The introduction of draught oxen in to the resettlement areas in lowland area was severely constrained by the wide spread presence of trypanosomosis (Getachew Abebe, 2005;Shimelis Dagnachew et al, 2005;Thomas Cherenet et al, 2005). The present study of prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis in Sibu Sire and Guto Gida districts of the upper Anger river valley of East Wollega Zone during the study period was found to be 5.4% and 11.8% respectively (P<0.05).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bovine trypanosomosis is one of the diseases that are caused by flagellated protozoan parasites belong to the genus Trypanosoma. Trypanosomosis limit the extension of natural herds particularly in Africa where the presence of tsetse fly density access to wood land and savannah areas with good grazing potential (Getachew Abebe, 2005;Getachew Abebe and Yilma Jobre, 1996). It is a serious constraint to agricultural production in extensive areas of the tsetse infested regions (Slingenebergh, 1992) which accounts over 10 million square kilometers of the tropical Africa (Budd, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The disease is a major constraint in cattle, sheep, goat, equines and, in some regions, in camels and in pigs. According to Getachew Abebe (2005) the reduced capacity for work animals is also a very important factor where 80 % of the traction power in African agriculture is provided by animals. Generally there is a great threat of trypanosomosis which impedes the economic development of African continent and also reasonable for the incalculable toll of human health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and vector distributions of bovine trypanosomosis in control (Sibu Sire) and noncontrol (Guto Gida) districts bordering upper Anger valley of East Wollega Zone, Western Ethiopia

Dagnachew¹,

Shibeshi²

2011

Ethiop. Vet. J.

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A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2008 to March 2009 in two districts where tsetse control implemented (Sibu Sire district) and non-control implemented (Guto Gida district) bordering Anger river valley in East Wollega Zone, Western Ethiopia. The objectives of the study were to determine the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis and to assess the distribution and apparent densities of vectors of the trypanosomosis. A parasitological study using buffy coat technique was employed for the determination of prevalence of trypanosomosis while monoconical traps were used for the vector studies. A total of 368 cattle randomly selected from the study population (166 in Sibu Sire and 202 in Guto Gida) districts were examined for the parasitological study. The result of parasitological study revealed that the prevalence of trypanosomosis was found to be 5.42% and 11.88% in Sibu Sire and Guto Gida districts, respectively. There was statistically significant difference in the prevalence of trypanosomosis between tsetse control implemented and non-control implemented districts (p<0.05). The overall trypanosome prevalence for both districts was found to be 9% (33/368). From the infected animals the prevalence for trypanosome species was 63.6% and 36% for T. vivax and T. congolense, respectively. The mean PCV values of parasitaemic and aparasitaemic animals were 23%+3.7SD and 26+3.9SD, respectively with a statistical significant difference (P<0.05). About 28 monoconical traps, 12 in Sibu Sire and 16 in Guto Gida districts were deployed for 72 hours with odour attractants for the vector studies. A total of 1478 flies were collected from both sites of which the highest fly density was Glossina tachinoides (6.8 fly/trap/day) and followed by Stomoxys (5.8 fly/trap/day) and others (0.8 fly/trap/day). There was significantly higher density of tsetse 8.4 fly/trap/day in non-control (Guto Gida) district than the control (Sibu Sire) district 0.2 fly/trap/day (P<0.05). Therefore implementing control of trypanosomosis with an integrated approach have paramount importance in non control areas of the study site.

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“…The disease is also found outside the tsetse belt areas transmitted mechanically by biting flies of the genus Tabanus, Haematopota, Chrysops and Stomoxys. This type of transmission has caused the spread of Trypanosoma evansi and Trypanosoma vivax, outside tsetse infested areas (Abebe, 2005). In very acute infections with highly susceptible exotic animals, infection with T. vivax can also pass through the placenta and into the fetus in pregnant animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of bovine trypanosomiosis in Gamogoffa Zone, Ouba Debrestahay District, Southern Ethiopia

Bezabih¹,

Bisho²

2017

J. Vet. Med. Anim. Health

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This cross-sectional study was conducted in Ouba Debre-Tsehay District, Gamogoffa Zone, Southern Ethiopia from October 2013 to July 2014 with the objectives of estimating the prevalence of bovine trypanosomiasis and to assess the possible risk factors. Blood samples were collected from 384 randomly selected cattle from purposefully selected peasant associations with consideration of different age groups and both sexes. Buffy coat method was employed for parasitological survey and packed cell volume (PCV) determination was done. From the examined animals, 58 (15.1%; 95% CI: 11.7-19.6) were positive for trypanosome infection. In the area, Trypanosome congolense and Trypanosome vivax were the two identified Trypanosoma species with proportion of 60.3 and 27.6% , respectively and 12.1% mixed infection. Trypanosomiasis was observed as 13.8% in males and 15.9% in females out of these, 4.9 (95% CI: 1.0-13.7), 11 (95% CI: 5.8-18.4) and 20.1% (95% CI: 14.9-26.1) were found in animals <1year, between 1 and 3 years and above 3 years of age, respectively. Significant difference was observed between <1 year and >3 years of age (p<0.05). Based on body condition category, 8 (95% CI: 4.7-13.8), 16 (95%CI: 10.2-23.5) and 26.1% (95%CI: 17.3-36.6) were good, medium and poor conditioned animals, respectively and there was a significant association between good and poor condition animals (p<0.05). The recorded overall mean PCV in parasitaemic and aparasitaemic animals was 20.4 and 25.6%, respectively; it significantly varied (t=12.28, p = 0.00). Out of the parasitaemic and aparasitaemic animals, 77.6 and 16.6% were anemic, respectively (with PCV < 24%).

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Trypanosomosis in Ethiopia

Cited by 72 publications

References 0 publications

Survey of Apparent Density of Tsetse and other Biting flies in Gimbi district, West Wollega, Western Ethiopia

Survey of Apparent Density of Tsetse and other Biting flies in Gimbi district, West Wollega, Western Ethiopia

Prevalence and vector distributions of bovine trypanosomosis in control (Sibu Sire) and noncontrol (Guto Gida) districts bordering upper Anger valley of East Wollega Zone, Western Ethiopia

Prevalence of bovine trypanosomiosis in Gamogoffa Zone, Ouba Debrestahay District, Southern Ethiopia

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