TrustyFeer: A Subjective Logic Trust Model for Smart City Peer‐to‐Peer Federated Clouds

Abstract

Cloud computing plays a major role in smart cities development by facilitating the delivery of various services in an efficient and effective manner. In a Peer-to-Peer (P2P) federated clouds ecosystem, multiple Cloud Service Providers (CSPs) collaborate and share services among them when experiencing a shortage in certain resources. Hence, incoming service requests to this specific resource can be delegated to other members. Nevertheless, the lack of preexisting trust relationship among CSPs in this distributed environment can affect the quality of service (QoS). Therefore, a trust management system is required to assist trustworthy peers in seeking reliable communication partners. We address this challenge by proposing TrustyFeer, a trust management system that allows peers to evaluate the trustworthiness of other peers based on subjective logic opinions, formulated using peers' reputations and Service Level Agreements (SLAs). To demonstrate the utility of TrustyFeer, we evaluate the performance of our method against two long-standing trust management systems. The simulation results show that TrustyFeer is more robust in decreasing the percentage of services that do not conform to SLAs and increasing the success rate of exchanged services by good CSPs conforming to SLAs. This should provide a trustworthy federated clouds ecosystem for a better, more sustainable future.

A Hierarchical Trust Model for Peer-to-Peer Networks

“…To prove this hypothesis, the open source P2P trust simulator QTM was used to simulate a file-sharing P2P network [QTM]. This is similar to the approach taken in previous studies [Kurdi, Alshayban, Altoaimy et al (2018); Bursell (2005); Mondal and Kitsuregawa (2006); Shala, Wacht, Trick et al (2017); Zhao and Li (2013); Lu, Wang, Xie et al (2016)]. The simulations were conducted on a system with an Intel Core i7 processor, 1.80 GHz speed, and 8 GB RAM running Windows 10 Home (68 bit).…”

“…As a result of this increased interest, many researchers have focused on developing trust and reputation systems for various networks, e.g. [Kamvar, Schlosser and Garcia-Molina (2003); Kurdi (2015); Xiong and Liu (2017); Zhang, Zheng, Liu et al (2011); Kurdi, Alshayban, Altoaimy et al (2018); Bursell (2005); Mondal and Kitsuregawa (2006); Shala, Wacht, Trick et al (2017); Zhao and Li (2013), Xie, Yuan, Zhou et al (2018)].…”

“…In these instances, the evaluation of the trustworthiness of peers outside the group is based on their local and global reputations, which are aggregated from other peers. TrustFeer is another trust management system proposed for P2P federated clouds [Kurdi, Alshayban, Altoaimy et al (2018)]. The algorithm relies on subjective logic opinions that are based on the reputation of peers and on service level agreements (SLAs) when evaluating the trustworthiness of peers.…”

HadithTrust: Trust Management Approach Inspired by Hadith Science for Peer-to-Peer Platforms

“…These tuples are incorporated into mathematical equations to define trust values. Many trust management systems were proposed to simplify the heavy calculations of TNA-SL, such as TrustyFeer [19] and InterTrust [20]. Recently, some peer-based trust management solutions were proposed based on blockchain technology.…”

“…In file-based trust management systems, reputation is calculated on the basis of the file regardless of the peer's past behavior. After each transaction, the file is rated positively or negatively, and the system keeps track of each file rating to measure the file's trustworthiness [19]. The amount of research on file-based reputation systems is scant, and to the best of our knowledge, only two studies have examined the file-based approach [8].…”