TrustSAS: A Trustworthy Spectrum Access System for the 3.5 GHz CBRS Band

Grissa, Mohamed; Yavuz, Attila A.; Hamdaoui, Bechir

doi:10.1109/infocom.2019.8737533

Cited by 34 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…While AFC-like database systems have previously been used for enabling coexistence between incumbent and unlicensed devices [92], studies on the impact of Wi-Fi devices on the performance of fixed services operating in the 6 GHz bands have so far been inconclusive. The Fixed Wireless Communications Coalition estimates that if Wi-Fi devices are permitted to operate within the incumbent users' exclusion zone, fixed service links can fail entirely with 1.6% probability.…”

Section: Coexistence With Incumbent Technologies a Coexistence Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Next Generation Wi-Fi and 5G NR-U in the 6 GHz Bands: Opportunities and Challenges

et al. 2020

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The ever-increasing demand for unlicensed spectrum has prompted regulators in the US and Europe to consider opening up the 6 GHz bands for unlicensed access. These bands will open up 1.2 GHz of additional spectrum for unlicensed radio access technologies (RATs), such as Wi-Fi and 5G New Radio Unlicensed (NR-U), in the US and if permitted, 500 MHz of additional spectrum in Europe. The abundance of spectrum in these bands creates new opportunities for the design of mechanisms and features that can support the emerging bandwidth-intensive and latency-sensitive applications. However, coexistence of unlicensed devices both with the bands' incumbent users and across different unlicensed RATs present significant challenges. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive survey of the existing literature on various issues surrounding the operations of unlicensed RATs in the 6 GHz bands. In particular, we discuss how key features in next-generation Wi-Fi are being designed to leverage these additional unlicensed bands. We also shed light on the foreseeable challenges that designers of unlicensed RATs might face in the near future. Our survey encompasses key research papers, contributions submitted to standardization bodies and regulatory agencies, and documents presented at various other venues. Finally, we highlight a few key research problems that are likely to arise due to unlicensed operations in the 6 GHz bands. Tackling these research challenges effectively will be critical in ensuring that the new unlicensed bands are efficiently utilized while guaranteeing the interference-free operation of the bands' incumbent users. INDEX TERMS 6 GHz unlicensed spectrum, IEEE 802.11ax, IEEE 802.11be, 5G NR-U. I. INTRODUCTION Wireless devices operating in unlicensed bands have become an integral part of our lives today. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the US first opened up the 2.4-2.4835 GHz and 5.725-5.85 GHz bands for unlicensed access in 1985 [1]. Since then, several unlicensed radio access technologies (RATs)-most notably IEEE 802.11based Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and ZigBee-have been developed that can not only operate in these bands but also coexist with each other. The 2.4 GHz band, referred to as the Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band, is open for unlicensed access worldwide, while unlicensed RATs such as Wi-Fi are allowed to operate in several portions of the 5 GHz bands in most regions across the world [2]. In the US, these 5 GHz bands are referred to as the Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (U-NII) bands. Wi-Fi is arguably the most popular unlicensed RAT that provides mobile and high-speed Internet access over wireless local area networks (WLANs). Wi-Fi devices are ubiquitous in today's home and enterprise wireless networks, with an estimated 9.5 billion devices in use [3]. Furthermore, with the growing popularity of emerging applications such as wireless augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), and mobile gaming, the demand for Wi-Fi-based high-throughput, highreliability and low-laten...

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Section: Coexistence With Incumbent Technologies a Coexistence Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Next Generation Wi-Fi and 5G NR-U in the 6 GHz Bands: Opportunities and Challenges

et al. 2020

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“…A digital-token-based spectrum access platform is proposed in [10] wherein a smart contract system is used by primary spectrum users as a trusted third-party service for advertising and leasing spectral tokens to secondary users. In [11], a hierarchical blockchain framework called TrustSAS is formulated to enable efficient and privacy-preserving spectrum sharing among secondary users. Local blockchain networks are established among secondary users for spectrum query aggregation and response distribution while a global blockchain is used for general policies and records keeping.…”

Section: Prospect Of Blockchain Solutions To Decentralized Sasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PAL users are responsible for establishing local blockchain networks which help a central regulator reduce its workload in spectrum sharing coordination. In contrast to the decentralized SAS objective, these proposals generally assume absolute trust on either a third-party contract platform [10] or an authoritative SAS server [11], [12] and do not consider the security impact of malfunctioning or malicious SAS servers.…”

Section: Prospect Of Blockchain Solutions To Decentralized Sasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decentralized Spectrum Access System: Vision, Challenges, and a Blockchain Solution

Xiao,

Shi,

Lou

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Spectrum access system (SAS) is widely considered the de facto solution to coordinating dynamic spectrum sharing (DSS) and protecting incumbent users. The current SAS paradigm prescribed by the FCC for the CBRS band and standardized by the WInnForum follows a centralized service model in that a spectrum user subscribes to a SAS server for spectrum allocation service. This model, however, neither tolerates SAS server failures (crash or Byzantine) nor resists dishonest SAS administrators, leading to serious concerns on SAS system reliability and trustworthiness. This is especially concerning for the evolving DSS landscape where an increasing number of SAS service providers and heterogeneous user requirements are coming up. To address these challenges, we propose a novel blockchain-based decentralized SAS architecture called BD-SAS that provides SAS services securely and efficiently, without relying on the trust of each individual SAS server for the overall system trustworthiness. In BD-SAS, a global blockchain (G-Chain) is used for spectrum regulatory compliance while smart contract-enabled local blockchains (L-Chains) are instantiated in individual spectrum zones for automating spectrum access assignment per user request. We hope our vision of a decentralized SAS, the BD-SAS architecture, and discussion on future challenges can open up a new direction towards reliable spectrum management in a decentralized manner.

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“…Based on the above, various spectrum access technologies such as Cognitive Radios (CRs) [6]- [8], Spectrum Access Systems (SAS) [9], [10], Licensed Shared Access (LSA) [11]- [17], etc., have been studied in literature. While CRs allow secondary users to access the spectrum of primary users in either underlay, overlay or interweave fashion, SAS and LSA are regularized evolutions of existing CRs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Now, i) using the value of r k d g from (32), ii) using (3)- (6), iii) considering the fact that the covariance of independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) random variables is zero [41], iv) by making the approximations κ U 1 and κ B 1, and v) ignoring the product terms β U (β B )κ B (κ U ), (33) can be written as (10) In a similar way by using (2), the covariance matrix of the total residual interference plus noise term for k u g -th UL user (i.e. Σ k u g ) can be derived as (11).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Beamforming Design for In-Band Full-Duplex Multi-Cell Multi-User MIMO LSA Cellular Networks

et al. 2020

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TrustSAS: A Trustworthy Spectrum Access System for the 3.5 GHz CBRS Band

Cited by 34 publications

References 19 publications

Next Generation Wi-Fi and 5G NR-U in the 6 GHz Bands: Opportunities and Challenges

Next Generation Wi-Fi and 5G NR-U in the 6 GHz Bands: Opportunities and Challenges

Decentralized Spectrum Access System: Vision, Challenges, and a Blockchain Solution

Beamforming Design for In-Band Full-Duplex Multi-Cell Multi-User MIMO LSA Cellular Networks

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