“…Saussier (2008, 2012) consider that when the institutional framework is weak, especially regarding enforcement, the use of informal devices between the parties is not the result of a choice but rather a consequence of the institutional and legal framework. In these cases, the importance of social capital to explain economic relationships is highlighted, as has been developed in studies in Sri Lanka (Priyanath and Premaratne, 2015), Ethiopia (Abbay et al, 2018;Gelaw et al, 2016;Tadesse and Kassie, 2017), Ghana (Lyon, 2000), Uganda (Heikkilä et al, 2016), India (Mungra and Yadav, 2022), Morocco (Chafai, 2023), South Africa (Thindisa and Urban, 2018), China (Li et al, 2023), and Brazil (Macedo, 2015;Pereira et al, 2022a;Santos Junior and Waquil, 2012).…”