Trust-Driven Entrepreneurship for Community Well-Being of Refugees and Their Local Hosts

Baktir, Zeynep; Watson, Forrest

doi:10.1177/0276146720935157

Cited by 12 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Despite relatively earlier research endeavors in refugee entrepreneurship (Wauters and Lambrecht, 2006;Fong et al, 2007;Wauters and Lambrecht, 2008), the topic has recently regained recognition in the entrepreneurship arena due to the increasing global interest in the refugee crisis. Research highlights the need to assess entrepreneurship not only as a path to deal with refugee-related issues, including integration (Wauters and Lambrecht, 2006), well-being (Baktir and Watson, 2020) and self-reliance (Skran and Easton-Calabria, 2020), but also as a useful tool that contributes economic and social benefits to the hosting societies (Wauters and Lambrecht, 2008;Harb et al, 2019). For instance, Harb et al (2019) challenged the reductionist discourse on refugees as being an economic and social burden and note that, through entrepreneurship, refugees may potentially contribute to local economic development.…”

Section: Refugee Entrepreneurshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yet, despite valuable research endeavors, scholarly discussion on refugee entrepreneurship is still immature (Desai et al, 2021). Specifically, existing theoretical assessments are largely exploratory (Bizri, 2017;Alrawadieh et al, 2019;Harb et al, 2019;Shneikat and Alrawadieh, 2019;Baktir and Watson, 2020;Embiricos, 2020) with little focus on entrepreneurial endeavors of refugees in the tourism and hospitality industry (Shneikat and Alrawadieh, 2019;Alrawadieh et al, 2021). An investigation of refugees in general and refugee entrepreneurship in tourism and hospitality in particular is timely because refugee flows influence the "travelers' experience" of visiting different destinations (Zenker et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Entrepreneurial motives, entrepreneurial success and life satisfaction of refugees venturing in tourism and hospitality

Çetin

Altınay

Alrawadıeh

et al. 2022

IJCHM

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Purpose A burgeoning stream of tourism and hospitality research highlights the role of entrepreneurship in bringing about positive social and economic outcomes for both refugees themselves and their host countries. Yet little has been done so far both in mainstream entrepreneurship research and tourism scholarship to explore how motivations influence perceived entrepreneurial success of refugees and how this eventually affects their subjective well-being. To address this gap, the present study aims to propose and empirically test a conceptual model postulating relationships between contextual and individual entrepreneurial motives, perceptions of entrepreneurial success and life satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach This study draws on quantitative data collected through 172 surveys of refugee entrepreneurs venturing in different subsectors within tourism and hospitality in Turkey and the UK. A structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the proposed theoretical model. Findings The results reveal that contextual and individual entrepreneurial motives have a significant positive impact on perceived entrepreneurial success. As predicted, perceived entrepreneurial success is found to have a significant positive impact on life satisfaction. A multigroup analysis involving host country (Turkey vs the UK) and mode of entry (founder vs takeover) indicates no significant difference based on host country, whereas the strength of relationships for takeovers is relatively greater as compared to founders. Practical implications This study advocates that the reductionist approach viewing refugees as temporary “outsiders” who are in consistent need of public provision, and welfare services should not prevail against their ability to achieve self-efficiency through entrepreneurship. Hence, policies need to be oriented toward supporting refugee entrepreneurial activities over various business stages and modes of entry. More importantly, ensuring high success rates among refugee entrepreneurs should be viewed as a pivotal tool to address the well-being of refugees, their families and their fellows. Originality/value While previous research identifies drivers of entrepreneurship success and the potential favorable outcomes, none of these studies empirically models refugee entrepreneurship motives, self-reported entrepreneurial success and life satisfaction as a distinct and growing cohort of entrepreneurs. This study makes significant theoretical contributions to the corpus of literature on the social outcomes of entrepreneurship and provides timely implications for policymakers to use entrepreneurship as a market-based solution to address refugees’ subjective well-being.

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Section: Refugee Entrepreneurshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entrepreneurial motives, entrepreneurial success and life satisfaction of refugees venturing in tourism and hospitality

Çetin

Altınay

Alrawadıeh

et al. 2022

IJCHM

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show abstract

“…The author identified that the topic of entrepreneurial tendencies is the leading topic among Turkish researchers publishing in national scientific journals. A similar tendency can be seen in articles available via Web of Science in the last two years, as many scholars are engaging in measuring entrepreneurial tendencies (Gürel et al, 2021;Özcan et al, 2021;Yalçıntaş et al, 2021), understanding the impact of Syrian refugee entrepreneurs on Turkish economy (Baktır & Watson, 2021;Chang, 2021;Kachkar, 2019) and how women entrepreneurs are changing the entrepreneurship scene in Turkey (Ármane et al, 2021;Bozoğlu Batı & Armutlulu, 2020;Erdoğan, 2020;Kurteğe Sefer, 2020). (Öner & Kunday, 2016) notice that entrepreneurship support started to increase and become more visible since 2006.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 61%

Entrepreneurial activity in Turkey: A statistical overview for the years of 2006-2020

Toycan

Erkut

2021

IER

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The objective of the article is to understand the development of Turkish entrepreneurial activity over the last 15 years. Research Design & Methods:The research design employed in this article is a quantitative one, mainly by utilizing the data available from Global Entrepreneurship Monitor and Eurostat to map the structure and the development of Turkish entrepreneurial activity between 2006 and 2020. With respect to gender, age and education status of Turkish self-employed, the article also employs a chi-square test of association. Findings: The main empirical results of this article identify that whereas the overall share of self-employed among the active Turkish population dropped from 24% in 2006 to 17% in 2020, this is not only above the EU-27 average, but also largely due to a drop in the share of own account workers. The article highlights that over the duration of 15 years, the share of job creators among the active Turkish population remained stable despite all the negative events occurred in Turkey. The article also identifies a gender imbalance in terms of self-employment, and a significant difference between educational background of own account workers and job creators. Implications & Recommendations: Understanding the patterns of development of Turkish entrepreneurial economic activity in the last 15 years can serve as a point of departure for both entrepreneurship researchers and policymakers. For entrepreneurship researchers, the case not only allows for a cross-national comparison, but also delivers empirical evidence from a transition country. For policymakers, fluctuations in the number of own account workers deserve more attention whereas stability of job creators can be further analysed for understanding what makes this group particularly stable despite all the negative events that occurred over the last decade. Contribution & Value Added:The study contributes to the literature by offering a current overview of Turkish entrepreneurial activity in the last 15 years. Since the literature on Turkish entrepreneurship is primarily dominated by topics such as students' entrepreneurial intentions, women entrepreneurship or migrant entrepreneurship, the study offers empirical evidence to see the bigger picture of Turkish entrepreneurial economic activity.

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“…PE acts that lack a moral cover and, in turn, public support, risk harm to their political capital—power generated in political networks—useful for negotiating legal deals. REs too need a moral cover to protect their social capital—a social license informally allowing a business to operate (e.g., 2021; Gunningham, Kagan and Thornton 2004)—to be able to negotiate deals. EA activity that the public finds unattractive, such as transactions designed to evade law enforcement, erodes stakeholder perceptions of the RE's trustworthiness and legitimacy (Sale 2019).…”

Section: Hypothesis Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Marketing System of Exchange Between Regulatory and Political Entrepreneurs Engaging in Arbitrage

Zeiss

Carlson

2021

Journal of Macromarketing

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After receiving cease and desist letters in 2018, Bird strategically developed hospitable relationships with politicians that allowed the scooter-sharing firm to continue operating. Bird acts as a regulatory entrepreneur in seeking unfair legal treatment and the politicians brokering the legal deal as political entrepreneurs. The business models for unfairly changing or applying law represents entrepreneurial arbitrage. A mixed methods approach examines the structure of relationships between regulatory and political entrepreneurs through the Bootleggers and Baptists conceptual lens. Like Bird solving traffic and pollution problems for city leaders, Baptists served as a moral cover for illegal liquor vendors. Guided by a general systems theory, it is found that the micro-level, relational exchanges both assign value to as well as uses intellectual commodities to establish expectations guiding ongoing exchanges. Therefore, a marketing system is uncovered. This research also finds relationships structured by favors in sharp contrast to political markets governed by threats.

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Trust-Driven Entrepreneurship for Community Well-Being of Refugees and Their Local Hosts

Cited by 12 publications

References 50 publications

Entrepreneurial motives, entrepreneurial success and life satisfaction of refugees venturing in tourism and hospitality

Entrepreneurial motives, entrepreneurial success and life satisfaction of refugees venturing in tourism and hospitality

Entrepreneurial activity in Turkey: A statistical overview for the years of 2006-2020

The Marketing System of Exchange Between Regulatory and Political Entrepreneurs Engaging in Arbitrage

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