Trust and energy aware routing algorithm for Internet of Things networks

Abstract

The expansion in the Internet of Things (IoT) has led to a shift towards smart technologies. IoT focuses on integrating networks to facilitate smooth services to humans. The interface between the mobility patterns and the routing protocols is considered to increase the performance of the network. However, incorporating security in the IoT network has been a major issue that continues to nurture with increasing IoT devices. This article addresses this issue by developing a novel technique, namely energy harvesting trust aware routing algorithm (EHTARA) for initiating a trust‐based routing model in the IoT network in the presence of ambient energy sources. The cost metric is newly devised by considering energy, distance, and trust parameters for determining the best path. At the base station, big data classification is performed using the adaptive exponential‐Bat (adaptive E‐Bat) algorithm based deep belief network (DBN). The training of DBN is performed using the adaptive E‐Bat algorithm, which is the combination of adaptive concept, exponential weighted moving average (EWMA), and Bat algorithm (BA). Here, the optimization‐based map‐reduce framework helps to deal with the imbalanced data by adapting the deep learning in classification. The proposed EHTARA outperformed other methods with a maximal energy of 0.927.

Data Mining with Comprehensive Oppositional Based Learning for Rainfall Prediction

“…DBN is a basic DNN technique that contains distinct layers such as restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) and multilayer perceptron (MLP). The RBM has visible and hidden units that are connected on the fundamental of weighted connection [19]. MLP is altered as feed-forward network which comprises output, input, and hidden layers.…”

“…The MFO technique employs 3 functions for initializing the arbitrary places of moths (I), moving the moth from the searching space (P), and ending the searching state (T) based on Eq. ( 19): MFO = (I, P, T) (19) where I demonstrates the function which initializing the primary population of moths as illustrated in Eq. (20).…”

Compound Metric Assisted Trust Aware Routing for Internet of Things through Firefly Algorithm

“…Trustworthiness is measured only based on the trust value. Considering energy and security as prime aspects, S. M. Mujeeb et al [23] proposed an "energy harvesting trust aware routing algorithm (EHTARA)". For the determination of the best path, a cost metric is introduced by combining trust, distance, and energy.…”

Fluid-Flow Approximation in the Analysis of Vast Energy-Aware Networks

“…Following the development of edge computing, cloud computing, and 5G networks, the most recent focus includes migration methods and scheduling certain tasks from local devices to remote cloud processing [38,39], energy management systems focused on security [40], task allocation algorithms in multi-cloud networks [41], and energy-aware video streaming for mobile devices [42,43]. Increasingly more works are also related to energy saving in the context of Internet of Things networks, e.g., [44][45][46].…”