Tropical Meteorology

Krishnamurti, T. N.; Stefanova, Lydia; Misra, Vasubandhu

doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-7409-8

Cited by 51 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 106 publications

(182 reference statements)

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“…2) East-west dimension (Fig. A2c): The wavelength of easterly waves [;O(10 3 km)] in the western tropical Pacific is well documented (e.g., Krishnamurti 1979) and not presented. The east-west dimensions of HRF event-cyclone and CSV are determined by maximum isotachs at the east and west periphery of these disturbances, confirmed with the V(925 hPa) streamline and c(925 hPa) charts.…”

Section: Appendix Amentioning

confidence: 98%

Interannual Variation of the Late Fall Rainfall in Central Vietnam

et al. 2012

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The heavy rainfall/flood (HRF) event in central Vietnam usually occurs in October-November, the maximum rainfall season. This rainfall maximum undergoes a distinct interannual variation, opposite the interannual variation of sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies averaged over the NOAA Niñ o-3.4 area-DSST(Niñ o-3.4)-but coincident with the intensification (weakening) of the low-level easterlies at 158N and westerlies at 58N. The changes of low-level zonal winds reflect the strengthening (weakening) of the tropical cyclonic shear flow in tropical South/Southeast Asia in response to the tropical Pacific SST anomalies. Because the rainfall maximum in central Vietnam is primarily produced by the HRF cyclone, the interannual rainfall variation in this region should be attributed to the HRF cyclone activity-a new perspective of the climate change in precipitation. On average, one HRF cyclone occurs in each cold late fall. The population of the HRF cyclone may not be an important factor causing the interannual rainfall variation in central Vietnam. During the cold late fall, the rain-producing efficiency of the individual HRF cyclone is statistically almost twice those during warm and normal late falls and the most crucial factor leading to the interannual rainfall variation in central Vietnam. It is shown by further hydrological analysis that the increase (decrease) of the HRF cyclone's rain-producing efficiency is determined by the large-scale environmental flow through the enhancement (weakening) of the regional convergence of water vapor flux.

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Section: Appendix Amentioning

confidence: 98%

Interannual Variation of the Late Fall Rainfall in Central Vietnam

et al. 2012

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“…The ITCZ is a zone of high convection caused by the convergence of trade winds north of the equator (Krishnamurti et al, 2013), and is responsible for a large portion of Caribbean precipitation. A more southerly position of the ITCZ has been used to explain reduced late Holocene precipitation in the Caribbean, inferred from several other records (Haug et al, 2001, Malaizé et al, 2011.…”

Section: Possible Cause Of Precipitation Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Middle–late Holocene Caribbean aridity inferred from foraminifera and elemental data in sediment cores from two Cuban lagoons

Gregory

Peros

Reinhardt

et al. 2015

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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“…Kuo (1956) used this framework to suggest that the bulk of the HC mass flux is associated with eddy momentum fluxes rather than radiative cooling. Studies that include the effect of latent heat release in cumulus clouds, however, point to a more modest role for the eddies (e.g., Dickinson 1971;Krishnamurti et al 2013). Moreover, this approach is limited in that it cannot account for the feedback between changes in eddy fluxes and changes in the circulation, potentially resulting in an underestimate of the importance of eddies for the mean flow (Kim and Lee 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Role of Eddy Momentum Fluxes in Determining the Characteristics of the Equinoctial Hadley Circulation: Fixed-SST Simulations

Singh

Kuang

2016

Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences

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The influence of eddy momentum fluxes on the equinoctial Hadley circulation is explored using idealized simulations on an equatorial beta plane in which the sea surface temperature (SST) distribution is fixed. By comparing simulations run in a wide-domain configuration, in which large-scale eddies are present, to simulations in which the model domain is too narrow to permit baroclinic instability, the role of large-scale eddies in determining the characteristics of the Hadley circulation is elucidated. The simulations also include an explicit representation of deep convection, allowing for an evaluation of the influence of convective momentum transport on the zonal-mean circulation.The simulated eddy momentum fluxes are much weaker in the narrow-domain configuration than in the wide-domain case, and convective momentum transport is found to be of secondary importance. As a result, many characteristics of the narrow-domain Hadley circulation are well described by axisymmetric theory and differ from those of the wide-domain case. Nevertheless, the strength of the Hadley circulation is similar irrespective of the domain width. The sensitivity of this result to the strength of the eddy forcing is investigated using narrow-domain simulations forced by artificial sinks of zonal momentum. As the magnitude of the momentum sink increases, the Hadley circulation strengthens, but the increase is relatively modest except at very strong forcing magnitudes. The results suggest that the fixed-SST boundary condition places a strong thermodynamic constraint on the Hadley circulation strength and that one should consider the energy budget as well as the angular momentum budget in order to fully understand the influence of large-scale eddies on the zonal-mean circulation in the tropics.

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Tropical Meteorology

Cited by 51 publications

References 106 publications

Interannual Variation of the Late Fall Rainfall in Central Vietnam

Interannual Variation of the Late Fall Rainfall in Central Vietnam

Middle–late Holocene Caribbean aridity inferred from foraminifera and elemental data in sediment cores from two Cuban lagoons

Exploring the Role of Eddy Momentum Fluxes in Determining the Characteristics of the Equinoctial Hadley Circulation: Fixed-SST Simulations

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