Tropical biodiversity: has it been a potential source of secondary metabolites useful for medicinal chemistry?

Valli, Marília; Pivatto, Marcos; Danuello, Amanda; Castro‐Gamboa, Ian; Silva, Dulce Helena Siqueira; Cavalheiro, Alberto José; Araújo, Ângela R.; Furlan, Maysa; Lopes, Manuela; Bolzani, Vanderlan da Silva

doi:10.1590/s0100-40422012001100036

Cited by 46 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…19,24 The Amazon biome occupies 49.29% of the national territory and is defined according to the climate unit, forest physiognomy, and geographic location.…”

Section: Biomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, the Pampa biome is restricted to the Rio Grande do Sul State and characterized by a set of field vegetation in plain relief. 19,24 The DMT concentration in leaves from samples collected in April (autumn), July (winter), and October (spring) 2013, and in January 2014 (summer) were analyzed by GC-MS (Table 1). The site Mestre Adamir had two different plantations and consequently two samplings were conducted at this site.…”

Section: Biomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Environmental Factors and Cultural Methods on the Content of N,N‑Dimethyltryptamine in Psychotria viridis (Rubiaceae)

Cavalcante¹,

Cardoso²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2017

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Psychotria viridis is one of the species that produces N,N-dimethyltryptamine. Its decoction together with other species, such as Banisteriopsis caapi, produces ayahuasca, a beverage used for ritualistic and medicinal purposes. The goal of this study was to understand how environmental factors and cultivation methods influenced the content of N,N-dimethyltryptamine in P. viridis. Over all four seasons, leaf samples were collected from 25 different locations in 14 Brazilian states, and Federal District. Environmental parameters, micro and macronutrients, plant characteristics, information on farming methods were correlated with N,N-dimethyltryptamine content, determined by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Greatest effects on the N,N-dimethyltryptamine amount were associated with seasonality, altitude, latitude and biome type. A positive correlation between N and Mg content and N,N-dimethyltryptamine levels was statistically established. By regression analysis, the adequate foliar nutrient levels that would result in the concentration of N,N-dimethyltryptamine in cultivated plants similar to that of Amazonian P. viridis were equated. Keywords: chacrona, ayahuasca, secondary metabolite, DMT IntroductionAyahuasca is a beverage currently used by over 70 different indigenous groups, distributed in Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela. 1 The origin of its use has been lost in time, but dates back thousands of years. The oldest evidence dating back to 1500-2000 before Christ is represented by ceramic vessels supposedly used to ingest the beverage.2 Ayahuasca, known in Brazil as "daime", "hoasca", or "vegetal", is a beverage that has been incorporated in religious rituals by several syncretic religious groups in Brazil, such as "União do Vegetal" (UDV), "Santo Daime", and "Barquinha".2 At the beginning of this study, the UDV had approximately 160 sites with extensive cultivation of P. viridis spread throughout Brazil. The UDV cultivates the plants on land that the church owns and maintains exclusively for religious purposes to prepare the ayahuasca beverage. The use of ayahuasca was approved by the Brazilian Government through Resolution No. 1 of January 25, 2010 of the Conselho Nacional de Políticas sobre Drogas (CONAD). Influence of Environmental Factors and Cultural Methods J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 1246 In general, ayahuasca is prepared by a decoction of two plants, a liana classified as Banisteriopsis caapi (Malpighiaceae), which is popularly known in Brazil as "mariri" or "jagube", along with a shrub Psychotria viridis (Rubiaceae), commonly known as "chacrona". The principal psychoactive constituents of B. caapi are harmine, harmaline, and tetrahydroharmine, and of P. viridis is N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT). DMT is a psychoactive 5-HT 2A agonist that causes an intense effect characterized by symptoms similar to those produced by lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). 4 However, at doses used in religious rituals, the psychological effects induced by the DMT content in the beverag...

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“…19,24 The Amazon biome occupies 49.29% of the national territory and is defined according to the climate unit, forest physiognomy, and geographic location.…”

Section: Biomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Environmental Factors and Cultural Methods on the Content of N,N‑Dimethyltryptamine in Psychotria viridis (Rubiaceae)

Cavalcante¹,

Cardoso²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2017

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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“…Hoje em dia, o conhecimento a respeito das propriedades medicinais das plantas tem sido um dos focos da investigação científica na área de produto naturais, devido aos grandes avanços que essa área tem proporcionado à fitoquímica moderna e química medicinal. 1 Dado o número de espécies de plantas na Terra e as numerosas vias biossintéticas capazes de produzir a extraordinária diversidade química, a biodiversidade em ambientes tropicais e equatoriais, oferece um potencial particularmente rico em compostos biologicamente ativos que podem ser usados como modelos para a química medicinal e descoberta de fármacos. 2 A família Rubiaceae, com suas folhagens majestosas, e belas flores, representam também a beleza invisível de nossa rica biodiversidade.…”

Section: Recebido Em 3 De Janeiro De 2016 Aceito Para Publicação Emunclassified

The Invisible Beauty of the Biodiversity: The Rubiaceae Taxon

Valli¹,

Young²,

Bolzani³

2016

Revista Virtual De Química

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Abstract:The Brazilian Biodiversity is one of the richest in the world, distributed in different biomes, among the most important, are the Cerrado, Atlantic Forest and Amazon Rainforest. It is estimated that these ecosystems are home to about 2 million plants, animals and microorganisms, representing a vast field of research. This immense biological treasure visually fills the beauty of the landscapes that has delighted generations and represents an incalculable molecular wealth, often unnoticed, because they are not visually noticeable. In this paper the beauty of the plant species is highlighted by presenting a formidable beauty, which is not visible to the eyes, the molecules can provide great utility. Thus, the chemistry of metabolites extracted from our biodiversity and especially of plants is fascinating and architecturally beautiful. As a highly sophisticated laboratory, plants produce novel structures that stimulate the creativity of chemists and may be useful as drugs, dietary supplements, cosmetics and agrochemicals. Given the molecular complexity and diversity of the many plant groups, the Rubiaceae family was chosen for this short review, for suitably representing the visible and the invisible beauty of our biodiversity.Keywords: Rubiaceae; Biodiversity. ResumoA Biodiversidade brasileira é uma das mais ricas do mundo, distribuída em biomas distintos, dentre os mais importantes, encontram-se o Cerrado, Mata Atlântica e Floresta Amazônica. Estima-se que esses ecossistemas abrigam, cerca de 2 milhões de plantas, animais e microorganismos, representando um vasto campo de pesquisa. Essa imensa riqueza biológica, visualmente enche as paisagens de beleza que vem encantando gerações e representam uma riqueza molecular incalculável, muitas vezes despercebida, por não serem visualmente perceptíveis. Neste texto a beleza das espécies vegetais é ressaltada por constituir uma beleza formidável que não é aparente, as moléculas, que pode fornecer ampla utilidade humana. Assim, a química dos metabólitos extraídos de nossa biodiversidade e especialmente de plantas é fascinante e arquitetonicamente bela. Como num laboratório altamente sofisticado, as plantas produzem estruturas inéditas, que estimulam a criatividade dos químicos e podem ser úteis como fármacos, suplementos alimentares, cosméticos e agroquímicos. Dado a complexidade e diversidade molecular dos inúmeros grupos vegetais, a família Rubiaceae foi escolhida para esta pequena revisão, por representar satisfatoriamente a beleza visível e a invisível de nossa biodiversidade.Palavras-chave: Rubiaceae; Biodiversidade.

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“…The synthesis of novel compounds or alteration or modification in the structure of natural compounds on the basis of designs of a natural compound scaffolding has delivered us lots of vital new drugs within the agriculture, medicine, and food spheres . Due to their acceptable safety profiles, plant‐based natural compounds have continuously gathered the attention of scientists around the world on the basis of being biocompatible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and mechanistic studies of curcumin analog‐based oximes as potential anticancer agents

et al. 2017

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The incidence of cancer can be decreased by chemoprevention using either natural or synthetic agents. Apart from synthetic compounds, numerous natural products have exhibited promising potential to inhibit carcinogenesis in vivo. In this study, α, β-unsaturated carbonyl-based anticancer compounds were used as starting materials to synthesize new oxime analogs. The findings from the antiproliferative assay using seven different human cancer cell lines provided a clear picture of structure-activity relationship. The oxime analogs namely 7a and 8a showed strong antiproliferative activity against the cell lines. The mechanistic effects of compounds on EGFR-TK kinases and tubulin polymerization and BRAF were investigated. In addition, the efficacy of compounds in reversing the efflux-mediated resistance developed by cancer cells was also studied. The compounds 5a and 6a displayed potent activity on various targets such as BRAF and EGFR-TK kinases and also exhibited strong antiproliferative activity against different cell lines hence showing potential of multifunctional anticancer agents.

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Tropical biodiversity: has it been a potential source of secondary metabolites useful for medicinal chemistry?

Cited by 46 publications

References 73 publications

Influence of Environmental Factors and Cultural Methods on the Content of N,N‑Dimethyltryptamine in Psychotria viridis (Rubiaceae)

Influence of Environmental Factors and Cultural Methods on the Content of N,N‑Dimethyltryptamine in Psychotria viridis (Rubiaceae)

The Invisible Beauty of the Biodiversity: The Rubiaceae Taxon

Synthesis and mechanistic studies of curcumin analog‐based oximes as potential anticancer agents

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