Tropical and exotic infections

Beeching, Nick; Hart, C. A.; Duerden, B. I.

doi:10.1099/0022-1317-49-1-5

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 200 publications

(176 reference statements)

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“…Secondly, B. pseudomallei is resistant to diverse groups of antimicrobials including third generation cephalosporins whilst quinolones and aminoglycosides have no reliable effect [8,9]. Hence, a definitive and rapid diagnosis is critical and vital prior to the administration of ceftazidime or carbapenems as these antibiotics are generally not used as empirical treatment for septicaemia in endemic regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple-antigen ELISA for melioidosis - a novel approach to the improved serodiagnosis of melioidosis

et al. 2013

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BackgroundBurkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, is endemic to Southeast Asia and northern Australia. Clinical manifestations of disease are diverse, ranging from chronic infection to acute septicaemia. The current gold standard of diagnosis involves bacterial culture and identification which is time consuming and often too late for early medical intervention. Hence, rapid diagnosis of melioidosis is crucial for the successful management of melioidosis.MethodsThe study evaluated 4 purified B. pseudomallei recombinant proteins (TssD-5, Omp3, smBpF4 and Omp85) as potential diagnostic agents for melioidosis. A total of 68 sera samples from Malaysian melioidosis patients were screened for the presence of specific antibodies towards these proteins using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Sera from patients with various bacterial and viral infections but negative for B. pseudomallei, as well as sera from healthy individuals, were also included as non-melioidosis controls. The Mann Whitney test was performed to compare the statistical differences between melioidosis patients and the non-melioidosis controls.ResultsTssD-5 demonstrated the highest sensitivity of 71% followed by Omp3 (59%), smBpF4 (41%) and Omp85 (19%). All 4 antigens showed equally high specificity (89-96%). A cocktail of all 4 antigens resulted in slightly reduced sensitivity of 65% but improved specificity (99%). Multiple-antigen ELISA provided improved sensitivity of 88.2% whilst retaining good specificity (96%). There was minimal reactivity with sera from healthy individuals proposing the utility of these antigens to demarcate diseased from non-symptomatic individuals in an endemic country.ConclusionsTssD-5 demonstrated high detection sensitivity and specificity and the results were obtained within a few hours compared to time consuming culture and IFAT methods commonly used in a clinical setting. The use of multiple-antigens resulted in improved sensitivity (88.2%) whilst maintaining superior specificity. These data highlight the use of TssD-5 and other recombinant antigens tested in this study as potential serodiagnostic agents for melioidosis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple-antigen ELISA for melioidosis - a novel approach to the improved serodiagnosis of melioidosis

et al. 2013

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“…[1][2][3][4] Similarly, the causative agent of a less severe variety of enteric fever, S. enterica serotype Paratyphi A, has also been reported to have developed resistance to multiple antibiotics. 5 Epidemiological studies using the pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) technique have established that multidrug-resistant S. enterica serotype Typhi isolates circulating in Asia are not derived from a single clone. 6 Enteric fever is endemic in Nepal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidrug-resistant and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Salmonella enterica (serotypes Typhi and Paratyphi A) from blood isolates in Nepal: surveillance of resistance and a search for newer alternatives

Pokharel

Koirala

Dahal

et al. 2006

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

130

102

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“…Due to the severity of acute infection, B. pseudomallei is classified as an Advisory Committee on Dangerous Pathogens category 3 pathogen and category B bioterrorism agent. Currently, no vaccine against the organism exists, and antibiotic treatment is complicated by the fact that B. pseudomallei is intrinsically resistant to many antibiotics including aminoglycosides and the early ␤-lactams (4). A number of virulence determinants including flagella (10), a capsular polysaccharideencoding region (33), and an Inv/Mxi-Spa-like type III secretion system involved in the intracellular behavior of the pathogen (38,39) have been identified in this organism.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Signature-Tagged Mutagenesis in Burkholderia pseudomallei To Identify Genes Important in Survival and Pathogenesis

et al. 2007

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Burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, is an important human pathogen in Southeast Asia and northern Australia for which a vaccine is unavailable. A panel of 892 double signature-tagged mutants was screened for virulence using an intranasal BALB/c mouse model of infection. A novel DNA tag microarray identified 33 mutants as being attenuated in spleens, while 6 were attenuated in both lungs and spleens. The transposon insertion sites in spleen-attenuated mutants revealed genes involved in several stages of capsular polysaccharide biosynthesis and DNA replication and repair, a putative oxidoreductase, ABC transporters, and a lipoprotein that may be important in intercellular spreading. The six mutants identified as missing in both lungs and spleens were found to have insertions in recA involved in the SOS response and DNA repair; putative auxotrophs of leucine, threonine, p-aminobenzoic acid, and a mutant with an insertion in aroB causing auxotrophy for aromatic compounds were also found. Murine challenge studies revealed partial protection in BALB/c mice vaccinated with the aroB mutant. The refined signature-tagged mutagenesis approach developed in this study was used to efficiently identify attenuating mutants from this highly pathogenic species and could be applied to other organisms.

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Tropical and exotic infections

Cited by 6 publications

References 200 publications

Multiple-antigen ELISA for melioidosis - a novel approach to the improved serodiagnosis of melioidosis

Multiple-antigen ELISA for melioidosis - a novel approach to the improved serodiagnosis of melioidosis

Multidrug-resistant and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Salmonella enterica (serotypes Typhi and Paratyphi A) from blood isolates in Nepal: surveillance of resistance and a search for newer alternatives

Development of Signature-Tagged Mutagenesis in Burkholderia pseudomallei To Identify Genes Important in Survival and Pathogenesis

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