Trophic interactions between nano- and microzooplankton and the “brown tide”

Caron, David A.; Lim, Ee Lin; Kunze, Holly; Cosper, Elizabeth M.; Anderson, Donald M.

doi:10.1029/ce035p0265

Cited by 26 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Addition of cultured Aureococcus (at -2.5X lo5 cells ml') to a natural seawater sample taken from Vineyard Sound resulted in an increase in the density of protozoa, predominantly heterotrophic microflagellates, and concomitant decrease in the concentration of Aureococ-CUS. Caron et al (1989) also found no clear correlation between protozoan grazing rates on a fluorescently labeled chlorophyte and Aureococcus cell density (up to -5X lo5 cells ml-') in Lc'ng Island bays, indicating that brown tide did not inhibit protozoan grazing on other microalgae. Field estimates of microbial consumption of Aureococcus cells were not obtained in this earlier study.…”

Section: Biological Factors-competitivementioning

confidence: 80%

“…Planktonic-In a field study in Long Island bays, Caron et al (1989) found that densities of bacteria, ciliates, and heterotrophic nanoplankton wcrc not correlated with the density of Aureococc,xs and not negatively affected by moderate concentrations (up to -5X lo5 cells ml I). Moreover, across a broad range 01' cell concentrations (from nonbloom to bloom levels), brown tide also had no obvious cffcct on the composition of the heterotrophic microplankton.…”

Section: Ecosystem Impactsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Taken together, these studies (Caron et al 1989;Lonsdale et al 1996;Mehran 1996) suggest a "threshold" phenomenon in which pl,edator-prey interactions, especially protozoan grazing and production, seem little effected over a wide range of Aureococcus cell concentrations and are disrupted only during peak bloom conditions or when alternate food is lacking. The impacts of brown tide on protozoa arc therefore expected to strongly reflect the relative availability of other food source:;.…”

Section: Ecosystem Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a laboratory study, Caron et al (1989) found that two of five species of cultured protozoa grew in the presence of Aureococcus (at -lOh cells ml I), with or without an alternate bacterial food source. These protozoans, the microflagellate Monas sp.…”

Section: Biological Factors-competitivementioning

confidence: 99%

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Aureococcus anophagefferens: Causes and ecological consequences of brown tides in U.S. mid‐Atlantic coastal waters

Bricelj¹,

Lonsdale²

1997

Limnology & Oceanography

168

125

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Aureococcus anophagefferens is a picoplankionic alga that since 1985 has bloomed in coastal embayments of the western mid‐Atlantic, ranging from Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island, to Barnegat Bay, New Jersey, with greatest incidence of recurrence in Long Island bays, New York. Blooms of this small alga, referred to as “brown tide,” can persist for several months during late spring and summer at densities in excess of 1.0×106 cells ml−1. They are not associated with anomalous chlorophyll a, dissolved oxygen, or inorganic macronutrient (N, P) levels. Meterologically induced reduced flushing rates, elevated salinities, and delivery of micronutrients (e.g. iron) from the watershed have been implicated in bloom initiation. Brown tides have had severe detrimental effects on the benthos, especially eelgrass (Zostera marina) and suspension‐feeding bivalves, including bay scallops (Argopecten irradians) and blue mussels (Mytilus edulis). Adult bivalves experience sublethal effects (e.g. inhibition of clearance rates) at Aureococcus concentrations as low as ∼2×105 cells ml−1 and mortalities at ∼106 cells ml−1, attributed to toxicity of this microalga. Impacts of brown tide on zooplankton are less clear, but reduced egg production rates of copepods and reduced population growth rates of ciliates are documented at higher brown tide concentrations (≥1.0×106 cells ml−1). We summarize the state of knowledge about the physical, chemical, and biological factors that may contribute to brown tide initiation, maintenance, and decline and assess its ecological effects.

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Section: Biological Factors-competitivementioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Ecosystem Impactsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Ecosystem Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biological Factors-competitivementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Aureococcus anophagefferens: Causes and ecological consequences of brown tides in U.S. mid‐Atlantic coastal waters

Bricelj¹,

Lonsdale²

1997

Limnology & Oceanography

168

125

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…However, other processes may also influence biovolume density and frequency of allelopathic species dominance. Other biological processes, such as disruption of grazing (Caron et al 1989) and adaptation to low light environments (J€ ohnk et al 2008), can influence algal bloom density. Other factors also play roles in determining algal bloom biomass, such as lake trophic state (Smith 2003) and morphometry as it influences mixing depth (Huisman & Sommeijer 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resisting annihilation: relationships between functional trait dissimilarity, assemblage competitive power and allelopathy

et al. 2018

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Allelopathic species can alter biodiversity. Using simulated assemblages that are characterised by neutrality, lumpy coexistence and intransitivity, we explore relationships between within-assemblage competitive dissimilarities and resistance to allelopathic species. An emergent behaviour from our models is that assemblages are more resistant to allelopathy when members strongly compete exploitatively (high competitive power). We found that neutral assemblages were the most vulnerable to allelopathic species, followed by lumpy and then by intransitive assemblages. We find support for our modeling in real-world time-series data from eight lakes of varied morphometry and trophic state. Our analysis of this data shows that a lake's history of allelopathic phytoplankton species biovolume density and dominance is related to the number of species clusters occurring in the plankton assemblages of those lakes, an emergent trend similar to that of our modeling. We suggest that an assemblage's competitive power determines its allelopathy resistance.

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Primary Productivity and Growth Dynamics of the “Brown Tide” in Long Island Embayments

Cosper

Carpenter

Cottrell

1989

Novel Phytoplankton Blooms

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Trophic interactions between nano- and microzooplankton and the “brown tide”

Cited by 26 publications

References 37 publications

Aureococcus anophagefferens: Causes and ecological consequences of brown tides in U.S. mid‐Atlantic coastal waters

Aureococcus anophagefferens: Causes and ecological consequences of brown tides in U.S. mid‐Atlantic coastal waters

Resisting annihilation: relationships between functional trait dissimilarity, assemblage competitive power and allelopathy

Primary Productivity and Growth Dynamics of the “Brown Tide” in Long Island Embayments

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