Trophic ecology of largemouth bass and northern pike in allopatric and sympatric assemblages in northern boreal lakes

Soupir, Craig A.; Brown, Michael L.; Kallemeyn, Larry W.

doi:10.1139/cjz-78-10-1759

Cited by 11 publications

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“…Pike had almost exclusively eaten fish prey. Similar results have also been found in several other studies (Mann, 1982;Keast, 1985;Vøllestad et al, 1986;Sammons et al, 1994;Soupir et al, 2000), confirming the great ability and adaptation for fish predation in pike. But also pike is a gape-limited predator, and the size-span of fish prey increased with increasing predator size (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Also Vøllestad et al (1986) found whitefish to be the main prey of pike when present, whereas other studies have found whitefish to have a low contribution to the diet of pike even though being a common species in the fish community (Lawler, 1965;Diana, 1979). In many studies, perch has been found to be the main prey species of piscivorous pike (Allen, 1939;Frost, 1954;Le Cren et al, 1977;Diana, 1979;Kipling, 1983;Soupir et al, 2000). In the Pasvik watercourse, however, perch were only on two occasions found in the stomachs of pike.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Keast & Webb, 1966;Keast 1985;Wootton, 1998), and may switch to a piscivorous diet at sizes less than 5 cm (Frost, 1954). Perch is often an important prey for pike (Frost, 1954;Lawler, 1965;Diana, 1979;Soupir et al, 2000), but pike is an opportunistic predator that may include many other fish species in their diet (Diana, 1979;Mann, 1982;Keast, 1985;Vøllestad et al, 1986;Sammons et al, 1994). Burbot has also been shown to be an important fish predator (Bailey, 1972;Vøllestad, 1992;Rudstam et al, 1995), but has received less attention than the other two species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The feeding ecology of three piscivorous fish species; perch (Perca fluviatilis), pike (Esox lucius) and burbot (Lota lota), was studied in the subarctic Pasvik watercourse (69 o N), northern Norway and Russia. All three species primarily occupied the benthic habitats in the watercourse. Perch and burbot exhibited distinct ontogenetic niche shifts in food resource use; perch changing from a dominance of zooplankton to zoobenthos to fish, and burbot from zoobenthos to fish. Fish prey dominated the diet of all the investigated size-classes of pike, but small-sized pike (<20 cm) were not represented in the sample. Fish prey size was positively related to predator size in all three species. Whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) was the dominant prey of pike and large-sized burbot and perch. Nine-spined sticklebacks (Pungitius pungitius) was also an important prey and appeared to be a dietary stepping-stone enhancing the transition from invertebrate feeding to consumption of large-sized whitefish prey for all three predators. A cluster analysis separated the different size groups of the three predator species into five functional feeding groups, most of them containing two or all three species. Within these feeding groups, and especially among the piscivorous size-classes, there was a strong and significant interspecific overlap in prey selection, and the dietary similarities between the species were in general much larger than the intraspecific similarities between ontogenetic stages. All three piscivorous species are important top predators in the aquatic food web of the watercourse, and their ontogenetic diet shifts and resource partitioning patterns generate a substantial food web complexity in this subarctic ecosystem.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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“…Other omnivorous or carnivorous species also harbor Cetobacterium , including a number of carp species (Prussian, grass, silver, bighead, common, and crucian carp) as well as rainbow trout, Nile tilapia, Chinese perch, channel catfish, largemouth bass, and bluegill (van Kessel et al, 2011; Larsen et al, 2014; Ye et al, 2014; Etyemez and Balcazar, 2015; Giatsis et al, 2015; Li et al, 2015; Eichmiller et al, 2016; Yan et al, 2016; Zhang et al, 2016; Lyons et al, 2017). Interestingly, the largemouth bass, which consumes a similar diet to the pike (Soupir et al, 2000) also shares two genera in large proportion – the aforementioned Cetobacterium and a potential human pathogen Plesiomonas (Larsen et al, 2014). These two genera have also been found as core members of other piscivorous microbiomes including perch and pike-perch ( Perca fluviatilis and Sander lucioperca ) (Kashinskaya et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining the Distinct Skin and Gut Microbiomes of the Northern Pike (Esox lucius)

et al. 2019

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The microbiome of freshwater fish has important implications for both commercial and recreational fishing because it can have significant impacts on host heath, spoilage rates, and susceptibility to disease. The aqueous environment serves as a possible avenue for continuous introduction of microbes to an animal host, but little is known about how the surrounding microbiota contribute to piscine microbiomes. To better understand the composition of the fish microbiome exposed to the natural environment, we profiled the microbial composition of the gut and the skin mucosal surface (SMS) of northern pike (Esox lucius) and the surrounding river water. We collected fish samples from eight sites along a single river in southwestern Quebec, Canada and analyzed the microbial composition via 16S rRNA sequencing. Our results reveal robust taxonomic differences between the SMS and the gut, indicating a divergence between the microbiomes. The gut community was characterized by a lower alpha diversity compared to the SMS and a large proportion of Cetobacterium, a genus previously linked to carnivorous species. On the other hand, the SMS was more similar to the water than the gut at the family level but divergent at lower taxonomic levels, with fewer than 30% of amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) shared between the SMS and water. In total, our results suggest the establishment of distinct communities across the two fish sites, as well as a clear separation from the microbes in surrounding waters. These data indicate that despite continuous exposure to water, pike are able to establish and maintain unique microbial communities.

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Changes in Relative Abundance of Several Minnesota Fishes from 1970 to 2013

Bethke

Staples

2014

Trans Am Fish Soc

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Large‐scale ecological stressors such as climate change, habitat degradation, and invasive species increasingly affect fisheries across watershed or political boundaries within which they are typically managed. Though broad‐scale analyses of trends in fish populations and changes in aquatic communities can be useful for detecting the effects of these stressors, they are rarely possible due to a lack of long‐term data sets. The Minnesota Department of Natural Resources has used gill nets and trap nets to monitor fish communities in lakes since 1940, and the techniques have been standardized since 1970. We applied a random‐coefficient mixed‐effects model to mean CPUE data to describe statewide and local population trends of eight key fish species (Black Crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus, Bluegill Lepomis macrochirus, Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides, Northern Pike Esox lucius, Smallmouth Bass M. dolomieu, Walleye Sander vitreus, White Sucker Catostomus commersonii, and Yellow Perch Perca flavescens) sampled from 1970 to 2013 in 119–1,499 lakes. We found increasing statewide trends in gill‐net CPUE of Black Crappie, Bluegill, Largemouth Bass, Smallmouth Bass, Northern Pike, and Walleye and decreasing trends for Yellow Perch and White Sucker. Statewide trends in average trap‐net CPUE were positive for Bluegill, negative for Black Crappie, Walleye, White Sucker, and Yellow Perch, and stable for Largemouth Bass, Northern Pike, and Smallmouth Bass. We compared the CPUE trends across lake types developed for Minnesota lakes and found some differences, especially in medium and large mesotrophic lakes, suggesting that some species display changes in abundance more in those lakes types than in others. This study quantifies temporal changes in Minnesota's fish community structure and can help managers focus future research and management activities in the state and in similar waters across central North America. Received May 14, 2014; accepted September 9, 2014

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Trophic ecology of largemouth bass and northern pike in allopatric and sympatric assemblages in northern boreal lakes

Cited by 11 publications

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Defining the Distinct Skin and Gut Microbiomes of the Northern Pike (Esox lucius)

Changes in Relative Abundance of Several Minnesota Fishes from 1970 to 2013

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