Tropheryma whippelii DNA in Saliva of Patients Without Whipple's Disease

Dutly, Fabrizio; Hinrikson, Hans Peter; Seidel, T.; Morgenegg, Silvia; Altwegg, Martin; Bauerfeind, Peter

doi:10.1007/s150100070039

Cited by 56 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…In the future, this MAb will be used in our laboratory prospectively in combination with PCR amplification for the detection of T. whipplei in stool samples. This approach could help to differentiate, contrary to PCR, true digestive Whipple's disease from simple carriage without using an invasive procedure (3,5,18,37).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Monoclonal Antibodies toTropheryma whippleiand Identification of Recognized Epitopes by Two-Dimensional Electrophoresis and Mass Spectrometry

Kowalczewska¹,

Decloquement²,

Nappez³

et al. 2006

J Clin Microbiol

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Tropheryma whipplei, the agent of Whipple's disease, is a gram-positive rod-shaped bacterium that belongs to the group of actinobacteria. In order to produce monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against this bacterium, we inoculated mice with two different strains, Slow2 and Endo5. We produced 13 and 10 MAbs against Slow2 and Endo5, respectively. Nine of the Slow2 MAbs and seven of the Endo5 MAbs recognized a 58-kDa epitope. In addition, three other Endo5 MAbs detected a unique 84-kDa epitope. These MAbs were species specific, as they did not react with a selection of 22 different bacterial species, but they were not strain specific, as they did react with six other strains of T. whipplei. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) was combined with mass spectrometry (MS) to identify the 58-kDa and 84-kDa epitopes recognized by MAbs. After trypsin in-gel digestion of the spot, the 58-kDa protein was identified as an ATP synthase F1 complex beta chain, whereas the 84-kDa protein was identified as a polyribonucleotide nucleotidyltransferase by MS with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight. In an in vitro model, one of these MAbs allowed good detection of T. whipplei in stool samples, contrary to a rabbit polyclonal antibody, which led to high fluorescent background. In the prospective studies, the produced MAb will be tested for detection of T. whipplei in clinical samples, and the gene coding for identified 58-kDa and 84-kDa antigens will be tentatively cloned and then tested for its use in a diagnostic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Whipple's disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Monoclonal Antibodies toTropheryma whippleiand Identification of Recognized Epitopes by Two-Dimensional Electrophoresis and Mass Spectrometry

Kowalczewska¹,

Decloquement²,

Nappez³

et al. 2006

J Clin Microbiol

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“…However, positive PCR results have been reported on testing small-bowel and saliva specimens from asymptomatic patients (3,4,11). Although these results have not been independently confirmed (8), they have nonetheless led to a poor predictive diagnostic value for these house-made PCR assays that lack of controls.…”

Section: Quantitative Detection Of Tropheryma Whipplei Dna By Real-timentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Detection of Tropheryma whipplei DNA by Real-Time PCR

et al. 2002

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“…In addition, recent studies have shown that the spectrum of infections due to T. whipplei is wide and can include localized infection occurring in the absence of small bowel involvement, such as neurological infection, pneumonia, endocarditis, uveitis, and spondylodiscitis (11). In addition, T. whipplei has also been observed in asymptomatic carriers, mainly in fecal and saliva samples (3,10,17). In Europe, the prevalence of this bacterium in fecal samples from the general healthy adult population is estimated to be 1% to 11% (8).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Rise of Tropheryma whipplei: a 12-Year Retrospective Study of PCR Diagnoses in Our Reference Center

2012

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Tropheryma whipplei is the causative agent of classic Whipple's disease (WD) and other clinical entities, such as localized infection. Asymptomatic carriers have also been reported, mainly based on the testing of fecal samples. Our objective was to undertake a retrospective analysis of molecular biology usage for the diagnosis of WD over a 12-year period in our reference center. We tested 27,923 samples from 15,473 patients. The number of patients tested and the number of patients with a positive PCR result for T. whipplei have increased significantly over the last 12 years (P < 0.0001). Overall, T. whipplei was more frequently recovered from stools (43%), saliva (15%), duodenal biopsy samples (12.5%), blood (5%), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (6%) and less commonly from cardiac valves (3%), urine (0.5%), skin biopsy samples (1%), lymph nodes (2.5%), aqueous humor (0.5%), and intra-articular fluid (1%). Among all the positive samples, we observed that stool samples and skin biopsy samples exhibited a higher prevalence of positivity by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) at 10.07% and 15.4%, respectively. The number of patients with a positive PCR result for T. whipplei has increased significantly over the last 12 years, although the positive ratio has not changed. Improvements in diagnostic tools have contributed greatly toward greater knowledge of WD and, consequently, the interest of physicians in this condition. In addition, we propose here an update of the diagnostic strategy for WD when qPCR is being used.

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Tropheryma whippelii DNA in Saliva of Patients Without Whipple's Disease

Cited by 56 publications

References 13 publications

Production of Monoclonal Antibodies toTropheryma whippleiand Identification of Recognized Epitopes by Two-Dimensional Electrophoresis and Mass Spectrometry

Production of Monoclonal Antibodies toTropheryma whippleiand Identification of Recognized Epitopes by Two-Dimensional Electrophoresis and Mass Spectrometry

Quantitative Detection of Tropheryma whipplei DNA by Real-Time PCR

The Rise of Tropheryma whipplei: a 12-Year Retrospective Study of PCR Diagnoses in Our Reference Center

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