Trojan Horse nanotheranostics with dual transformability and multifunctionality for highly effective cancer treatment

Abstract

Nanotheranostics with integrated diagnostic and therapeutic functions show exciting potentials towards precision nanomedicine. However, targeted delivery of nanotheranostics is hindered by several biological barriers. Here, we report the development of a dual size/charge- transformable, Trojan-Horse nanoparticle (pPhD NP) for delivery of ultra-small, full active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) nanotheranostics with integrated dual-modal imaging and trimodal therapeutic functions. pPhD NPs exhibit ideal size and charge for drug transportation. In tumour microenvironment, pPhD NPs responsively transform to full API nanotheranostics with ultra-small size and higher surface charge, which dramatically facilitate the tumour penetration and cell internalisation. pPhD NPs enable visualisation of biodistribution by near-infrared fluorescence imaging, tumour accumulation and therapeutic effect by magnetic resonance imaging. Moreover, the synergistic photothermal-, photodynamic- and chemo-therapies achieve a 100% complete cure rate on both subcutaneous and orthotopic oral cancer models. This nanoplatform with powerful delivery efficiency and versatile theranostic functions shows enormous potentials to improve cancer treatment.

Two-way magnetic resonance tuning and enhanced subtraction imaging for non-invasive and quantitative biological imaging

“…1 ). 17 – 19 Then, P-Mn and SPIO (5 nm) were co-loaded into a disulfide cross-linked micelle (DCM), forming the t-MRET nanoprobes (DCM@P-Mn-SPIO). DCM@P-Mn-SPIO was ~81 nm in diameter ( Fig.…”

“…Based on the method described in our publication 19 , pheophorbide a (59.3 mg, 100 μmol) and MnCl 2 (63 mg, 500 μmol) were dissolved in a mixed solution of methanol (8 mL) and pyridine (0.8 mL). The reaction system was refluxed under 60 ° C for 2 h. Free Mn 2+ was removed by extraction (DCM against water).…”

Vacancies on 2D transition metal dichalcogenides elicit ferroptotic cell death

“…As physicochemical properties of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) were found to significantly impact their toxicities, structure-activity relationships (SARs) of ENMs have been highly underlined in nanobiology research 1 . Some progresses on nano-SARs have been made in ENM-induced apoptosis 2 , carcinogenesis 3 , autophagic 4 , and inflammatory effects 5 . For instance, diameter and rigidity of carbon nanotubes are critical characteristics in mesothelial injury and carcinogenesis 3 ; carbon radicals of graphene oxides are able to induce lipid peroxidation and cell deaths 6 .…”

Cell-mediated targeting drugs delivery systems

“…Another study reported the development of dual-size/charge-switchable Trojan-Horse nanoparticles (pPhD NP) to achieve multimodal imaging-guided tumor eradication. In the tumor microenvironment, pPhD NPs are responsively converted into complete API nanothermology, thereby greatly promoting tumor penetration and cell internalization (Xue et al., 2018 ). This convertible Trojan-Horse horse nano platform has powerful delivery efficiency and versatile diagnostic functions, showing great potential for improving cancer treatment.…”