It is known that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-␥ (PPAR-␥) ligands stimulate acute-phase insulin secretion with a rapid Ca 2ϩ influx into pancreatic -cells, but the precise mechanisms are not clear. The effects of PPAR-␣ ligands on pancreatic -cells also remain unclear. We investigated the effects of PPAR-␣ ligands (fenofibrate and fenofibric acid), a PPAR-␥ ligand (troglitazone), and an endogenous ligand of PPAR-␥ [15-deoxy-⌬ 12,14 -prostaglandin J 2 (15-deoxy-⌬ 12,14 -PGJ 2 )] on K ATP channel activity in clonal hamster insulinoma cell line, HIT-T15 cells. As assessed by whole-cell patch clamp, fenofibrate, fenofibric acid, troglitazone, and 15-deoxy-⌬ 12,14 -PGJ 2 reduced the K ATP channel currents, and inhibition continued after washout of these agents. The concentration-response curves of fenofibrate, fenofibric acid, troglitazone, and 15-deoxy-⌬ 12,14