tRNA derived insertion element in histone gene repeating unit of<i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>

Matsuo, Yohtaro; Yamazaki, Tsuneyuki

doi:10.1093/nar/17.1.225

Cited by 58 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…In many cases, the gene pair encoding replication-dependent histones (e.g., H3-H4 or H2A-H2B in Drosophila) has a head-tohead orientation [16,[24][25], and transcription of two genes is coregulated [30]. In the closely related species of the melanogaster group, the H4r and punt genes were arranged in a head-to-head orientation and only about 50 bp apart.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epigenetics Evolution and Replacement Histones: Evolutionary Changes at Drosophila H4r

Yamamoto¹,

Watanabe²

2016

J Phylogen Evolution Biol

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Histone 4 replacement (H4r) can replace replication-dependent H4 in Drosophila. To study the evolution of epigenetic mechanisms, the H4 and H4r genes from 14 Drosophila species were compared with regard to gene arrangement, codon bias and flanking sequences. Although the amino acid sequences of H4 and H4r are identical or nearly identical, the gene structures are quite different. The H4r gene is a single copy gene located 3R88C9 in D. melanogaster between punt and CEP78K, as it is in 11 closely related Drosophila species, but not in the three distantly related species. The H4r gene, unlike the H4 gene, has two introns and generates polyadenylated transcripts. The codon usage bias at particular sites differed between H4r and H4. The H4r gene had more GC pairs at 3 rd codon position. Strongly conserved signal sequence was not found in the 5'-region or 3'-region of the H4r gene. These results suggested that the post transcriptional process such as modifying histone at or after translation will be important for replacing histones and remodeling the chromatin. The evolutionary changes that affect gene structure and codon usage might be a key step to develop epigenetic systems by replacement histones.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Drosophila, a single unit that contains five RDH genes (H1, H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) is repeated in tandem in a large gene cluster [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Therefore, each of the RDH genes exists in multiple copies (about 110 copies) [24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetics Evolution and Replacement Histones: Evolutionary Changes at Drosophila H4r

Yamamoto¹,

Watanabe²

2016

J Phylogen Evolution Biol

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“…Probes were labeled by PCR or by nick-translation in the presence of [G(-'~P]~CTP. The position of the D. melanogaster probes, according to the numbering in Matsuo and Yamazaki, 1989, was as follows: histone H2B, positions 677-832; histone H3, 3303-3357; histone H4, positions 4316-4427 (see also Fig. 2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Types of Polyadenated mRNAs are Synthesized from Drosophila Replication‐Dependent Histone Genes

Akhmanova¹,

Miedema²,

Kremer³

et al. 1997

European Journal of Biochemistry

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The polyadenylation of replication-dependent histone H2B, H 3 and H4 mRNAs in Drosophilu melanoguster was analysed. Two types of mRNAs, containing a poly(A) tail, can be detected in addition to non-polyadenylated messengers, which represent the majority of replication-dependent histone mRNAs. Firstly, conventional polyadenylation signals, localized downstream from the stem-loop region, are used to produce polyadenylated mRNAs. The messengers of this type, generated from the D. melanogaster H2B gene, are preferentially synthesized in the testis of the fly. Secondly, a distinct type of polyadenylated histone mRNA has been identified. This mRNA, which is present in many different tissues and constitutes a minor part of the total histone mRNA pool, contains a short poly(A) tail, added to the end of the 3' terminal stem-loop structure, which is in most cases lacking several nucleotides from its 3' end. The sites of polyadenylation within the stem-loop are not preceded by a nornial polyadenylation signal. The possible functions of the polyadenylated histone transcripts are discussed.

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“…Genes for the canonical histone type are clustered by tandem duplication, and a repetitive unit is 5 kb (L) or 4.8 kb (S) in D. melanogaster. The difference between the L and S units is due to the presence or absence of a tRNA-derived element [69]. The histone gene cluster is located at the D-E region of chromosome II and the unit is repeated more than 100 times [79,80].…”

Section: Modification and Replacement For Histonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No intron has been found for any gene for the canonical histone type. A hair-pin loop structure is present in the downstream region of each histone gene and transcription stops at that point [69,84]. A poly(A) tail is not usually added in the transcripts of canonical histones [85] although some exceptions have been reported [86].…”

Section: Modification and Replacement For Histonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetics and Codon Usage of the Histone Genes in 12 Drosophila Species

Matsuo¹

2017

J Phylogenetics Evol Biol

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Histones are proteins that bind to DNA and form nucleosomes. There are several types of histones that differ in chromosome distribution and timing of their expression. In Drosophila, each canonical type histone is identical or highly similar in amino acid sequence to its corresponding replacement type histone; however, gene structure and codon usage differ between the two types of histones. Identification of the evolutionary changes responsible for the differences between these two histone types will lead to an understanding of the development of epigenetic regulation. Here, recent findings regarding codon usage for canonical and replacement types of histones are outlined for study of the evolution of these histone genes and their epigenetic regulation in Drosophila.

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tRNA derived insertion element in histone gene repeating unit ofDrosophila melanogaster

Cited by 58 publications

References 60 publications

Epigenetics Evolution and Replacement Histones: Evolutionary Changes at Drosophila H4r

Epigenetics Evolution and Replacement Histones: Evolutionary Changes at Drosophila H4r

Two Types of Polyadenated mRNAs are Synthesized from Drosophila Replication‐Dependent Histone Genes

Epigenetics and Codon Usage of the Histone Genes in 12 Drosophila Species

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