Triton/<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msup><mml:mrow /><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msup></mml:math>He ratio as an observable for neutron-skin thickness

Dai, ZT; Fang, Deqing; Ma, Yugang; Cao, X. G.; Zhang, G. Q.

doi:10.1103/physrevc.89.014613

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…The initial configurations of projectile and target nuclei are expected to have considerable influences on the heavyion observables from transport simulations. For example, the uncertainties of the neutron skin thickness of initial nuclei may affect the neutron/proton yield ratio [198], the neutron-proton differential flow [199], the triton/ 3 He yield ratio [200], the π − /π + yield ratio [199,201], and other observables [202] related to the isospin dynamics in heavyion collisions. Generally, BUU-type codes use the initial density distribution from a Woods-Saxon parameterization, from a Skyrme-Hartree-Fock calculation [203], or from the Thomas-Fermi approximation [31,204].…”

Section: Initializationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport approaches for the description of intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions

2019

Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics

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The transport approach is a useful tool to study dynamics of non-equilibrium systems. For heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energies, where both the smooth nucleon potential and the hard-core nucleon-nucleon collision are important, the dynamics are properly described by two families of transport models, i.e., the Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck approach and the quantum molecular dynamics approach. These transport models have been extensively used to extract valuable information of the nuclear equation of state, the nuclear symmetry energy, and microscopic nuclear interactions from intermediate-energy heavy-ion collision experiments. On the other hand, there do exist deviations on the predications and conclusions from different transport models. Efforts on the transport code evaluation project are devoted in order to understand the model dependence of transport simulations and well control the main ingredients, such as the initialization, the mean-field potential, the nucleon-nucleon collision, etc. A new era of accurately extracting nuclear interactions from transport model studies is foreseen. 2 from 50 MeV to 2 GeV, where the nucleon degree of freedom dominates the dynamics, and both the smooth nuclear potential and the hard-core nucleon-nucleon collisions become important. The central purpose of intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions is to extract the equation of state (EOS) of the hot and dense nuclear matter formed during the collisions, while the uncertainties mostly come from the isospin-dependent part, i.e., the nuclear symmetry energy.In order to describe properly the dynamics of intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions, transport approaches at this energy regime are mostly developed along two directions: the Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck (BUU) approach and quantum molecular dynamics (QMD) approach. The BUU approach basically models the time evolution of the one-body phase-space distribution based on the BUU equation numerically using the test-particle method, and the QMD approach models the time evolution of nucleons under a many-body Hamiltonian with the wave function of each nucleon represented by a Gaussian wave packet. Both approaches can be derived from many-body theories with various approximations. Without nucleon-nucleon collisions, the BUU approach reduces to the Vlasov approach, which is similar to the TDHF approach. On the other hand, it is difficult to solve exactly the extended TDHF approach, which incorporates the collision contribution into the TDHF approach [3]. Both the BUU approach and the QMD approach include mainly three ingredients: the initialization of projectile and target nuclei, the mean-field potential for each nucleon, and the nucleon-nucleon collision in the dynamical evolution. The mean-field potential can be obtained from effective in-medium nucleon-nucleon interactions based on the Hartree or Hartree-Fock method, and in this way the microscopic nuclear interaction is related to the macroscopic nuclear EOS through the energy-density functional form.So far both the BUU appr...

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Section: Initializationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport approaches for the description of intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions

2019

Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics

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“…Then Ref. [22] indicated that the yield ratios of 3 H-3 He [R(t/ 3 He)] could be treated as another possible experimental observable to extract the proton skin thickness. Recently, Refs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of neutron-skin thickness on direct hard photon emission from reactions induced by the neutron-rich projectile $^{50}$Ca

Wang,

Ma,

Fang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Direct hard photon emissions from incoherent proton-neutron bremsstrahlung in the collisions of neutron-rich projectile 50 Ca with 12 C and 40 Ca targets are simulated in the framework of IQMD model, respectively. By adjusting the diffuseness parameter of neutron density in the droplet model to obtain different neutron skin thickness for 50 Ca, the effects of neutron skin thickness on direct hard photon emission are investigated via several probes. The results show that more direct hard photons are produced with the increasing of the neutron skin thickness. Meanwhile, we find that yield ratio Rcp(σγ) and the rapidity dependence of multiplicity and multiplicity ratio Rcp(Nγ) for direct hard photons are apparently sensitive to neutron skin thickness. Furthermore, the direct hard photon differential and relative flows between central and peripheral collision are presented. We find that the differential flow is slightly more sensitive to neutron skin thickness than the relative flow. It is suggested that direct hard photon emission may be used as an experimental observable to extract the information of neutron skin thickness.

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“…After initialization, the samples with satisfactory stability and expected neutron skin size will be selected as candidates for collisions, as described in Refs. [11,12]. Fig.…”

Section: A Dynamical Model: Iqmdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Details about the description of the IQMD model can be found in Refs. [11,12]. In the present work, the following potential is used,…”

Section: A Dynamical Model: Iqmdmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of neutron skin thickness on projectile fragmentation

Dai

Fang

et al. 2015

Phys. Rev. C

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The fragment production in collisions of 48,50 Ca+ 12 C at 50 MeV/nucleon are simulated via the Isospin-Dependent Quantum Molecular Dynamics (IQMD) model followed by the GEMINI code. By changing the diffuseness parameter of neutron density distribution to obtain different neutron skin size, the effects of neutron skin thickness (δnp) on projectile-like fragments (PLF) are investigated. The sensitivity of isoscaling behavior to neutron skin size is studied, from which it is found that the isoscaling parameter α has a linear dependence on δnp. A linear dependence between δnp and the mean N/Z [N(Z) is neutron(proton) number] of PLF is obtained as well. The results show that thicker neutron skin will lead to smaller isoscaling parameter α and N/Z. Therefore, it may be probable to extract information of neutron skin thickness from isoscaling parameter α and N/Z.

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Triton/3He ratio as an observable for neutron-skin thickness

Cited by 16 publications

References 67 publications

Transport approaches for the description of intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions

Transport approaches for the description of intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions

Effects of neutron-skin thickness on direct hard photon emission from reactions induced by the neutron-rich projectile $^{50}$Ca

Effect of neutron skin thickness on projectile fragmentation

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