Triticale Biotic Stresses—Known and Novel Foes

Arseniuk, E.; Góral, Tomasz

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-22551-7_5

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…Due to the increase in crop area and exposure to a variety of pathogens in triticale, there has been a breakdown in their resistance against fungal diseases [38,39]. The most remarkable examples have been powdery mildew and yellow rust [40,41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight, Kernel Damage and Concentration of Fusarium Mycotoxins in Grain of Winter Triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack) Lines

Góral¹,

Wiśniewska²,

Ochodzki³

et al. 2020

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Fusarium head blight (FHB) can cause contamination of cereal grain with mycotoxins. Triticale is also infected with FHB; however, it is more resistant than wheat to head infection. The aim of this study was to identify triticale lines that combine low head infection with low toxin contamination. Resistance to FHB of 15 winter triticale and three winter wheat lines was evaluated over a three-year experiment established in two locations. At the anthesis stage, heads were inoculated with Fusarium culmorum isolates. The FHB index was scored and the percentage of Fusarium-damaged kernels (FDKs) assessed. The grain was analysed for type B trichothecenes (deoxynivalenol and derivatives, nivalenol) and zearalenone content. The average FHB index was 10.7%. The proportion of FDK was 18.1% (weight) and 21.6% (number). An average content of deoxynivalenol for wheat amounted to 7.258 mg/kg and nivalenol to 5.267 mg/kg. In total, it was 12.788 m/kg of type B trichothecenes. The zearalenone content in the grain was 0.805 mg/kg. Relationships between FHB index, FDK and mycotoxin contents were statistically significant for triticale lines; however, they were stronger for FDK versus mycotoxins. Lines combing all types of FHB resistance were found, and two of them had resistance similar to that of wheat lines with the Fhb1 gene.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight, Kernel Damage and Concentration of Fusarium Mycotoxins in Grain of Winter Triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack) Lines

Góral¹,

Wiśniewska²,

Ochodzki³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…M. nivale infects also winter triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack), the man-made hybrid cereal, lowering the quality and quantity of its yield. Variable levels of triticale pink snow mould infection were reported from field experiments and from tests under control conditions (Cichy & Maćkowiak, 1993;Hudec & Bokor, 2002;Sliesaravičius et al, 2006;Gołębiowska & Wędzony, 2009;Zhukovsky & Ilyuk, 2010;Szechyńska et al, 2011;Arseniuk & Góral, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cold-modulated small proteins abundance in winter triticale (x Triticosecale, Wittm.) seedlings tolerant to the pink snow mould (Microdochium nivale, Samuels & Hallett) infection

et al. 2019

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Two winter triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack) model cultivars: Hewo (tolerant to pink snow mould) and Magnat (sensitive) were used to test the effect of cold-hardening (4 weeks at 4°C) on soluble ≤50 kDa protein profiles of the seedling leaves. The presence and abundance of individual proteins were analysed via two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and Surface-Enhanced Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight (SELDI-TOF). Up to now, no proteomics analysis of triticale response to hardening has been performed. Thus, the present paper is the first in the series describing the obtained results. In our experiments, the exposure to the low temperature-induced only quantitative changes in the leaves of both cultivars, causing either an increase or decrease of 4–50 kDa protein abundance. Among proteins which were cold-accumulated in cv. Hewo’s leaves, we identified two thioredoxin peroxidases (chloroplastic thiol-specific antioxidant proteins) as well as mitochondrial- β-ATP synthase subunit and ADP-binding resistance protein. On the contrary, in hardened seedlings of this genotype, we observed the decreased level of chloroplastic RuBisCO small subunit PW9 and epidermal peroxidase 10. Simultaneous SELDI-TOF analysis revealed several low mass proteins better represented in cold-hardened plants of tolerant genotype in comparison to the sensitive one and the impact of both genotype and temperature on their level. Based on those results, we suggest that indicated proteins might be potential candidates for molecular markers of cold-induced snow mould resistance of winter triticale and their role is worth to be investigated in the further inoculation experiments.

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“…As the harvested area of triticale has increased, new pathotypes of Puccinia have evolved, moving from wheat and rye into triticale [7]. Both pathogens can reduce the grain yield by 40% [8,9]. There is an urgent need to improve the genepool of triticale, and introduce genetic resistance to Puccinia infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of 2R.2Sk Triticale-Aegilops kotschyi Robertsonian Chromosome Translocations

et al. 2019

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Robertsonian translocations (RobTs) in the progeny of triticale (×Triticosecale Wittmack) plants with monosomic substitution of Aegilops kotschyi chromosome 2S k (2R) were investigated by fluorescence in-situ hybridization. Chromosome 2S k of Ae. kotschyi is reported to possess many valuable loci, such as Lr54 + Yr37 leaf and stripe (yellow) rust resistance genes. We used a standard procedure to produce RobTs, which consisted of self-pollination of monosomic triticale plants, carrying 2R and 2S k chromosomes in monosomic condition. This approach did not result in RobTs. Simultaneously, we succeeded in producing 11 plants carrying 2R.2S k compensatory RobTs using an alternative approach that utilized ditelosomic lines of triticale carrying 2RS (short arm) and 2RL (long arm) telosomic chromosomes. Identification of molecular markers linked to Lr54 + Yr37 genes in the translocation plants confirmed that these resources can be exploited in current triticale breeding programmes.Agronomy 2019, 9, 646 2 of 12 from wild relatives into the wheat genetic background [10]. Recently, several attempts were made to transfer rust resistance genes from Aegilops, Agropyron and Triticum species into triticale [11][12][13][14][15].Aegilops species are closely related to wheat (and triticale, per se) and carry a number of valuable traits, which have been effectively incorporated into wheat by developing wheat-Aegilops hybrids and deriving addition, substitution and translocation lines [16]. Aegilops kotschyi Boiss. (2n = 4x = 28 chromosomes, U-and S-genomes) is a wild tetraploid goatgrass native to Northern Africa, the Mid-East, and Western Asia. Ae. kotschyi germplasm is exploited in wheat breeding [17] as a source of high grain protein, iron and zinc [18]. Moreover, Antonov and Marais [19] observed leaf rust resistance that was effective against the infection of Puccinia triticina in Ae. kotschyi. Marais et al. [20] identified the Lr54 and Yr37 leaf rust and stripe rust resistance genes, and developed aT2DS.2S k L wheat-Ae. kotschyi translocation line. The first Lr54 + Yr37 marker was developed by Heyns et al. [21]. Moreover, translocation gene sequences were cloned and specific SSR markers were developed [22].Homoeologous recombination based engineering is the most common way for efficiently utilizing the wild relative gene pool for crop improvement [23]. The generation of translocation lines is the most promising pathway for the exploitation of alien germplasm in crop breeding [23]. In distant hybrids, unpaired chromosomes are present as univalents during meiosis. Monosomic chromosomes are prone to centric breaks at anaphase I of meiosis, which misdivide and the broken ends fuse during the interkinesis of meiosis II [24][25][26]. Fusion of the misdivided products may result in the formation of a Robertsonian translocation (RobT) [27].Several steps are required to generate RobTs (Figure 1a), with self-pollination of double-monosomic plants being the most common method used in the induction of RobTs [26]. Wheat breeders can use a l...

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Triticale Biotic Stresses—Known and Novel Foes

Cited by 17 publications

References 112 publications

Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight, Kernel Damage and Concentration of Fusarium Mycotoxins in Grain of Winter Triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack) Lines

Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight, Kernel Damage and Concentration of Fusarium Mycotoxins in Grain of Winter Triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack) Lines

Cold-modulated small proteins abundance in winter triticale (x Triticosecale, Wittm.) seedlings tolerant to the pink snow mould (Microdochium nivale, Samuels & Hallett) infection

Recovery of 2R.2Sk Triticale-Aegilops kotschyi Robertsonian Chromosome Translocations

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