Triterpenoids

Connolly, Joseph D.; Hill, Robert A.

doi:10.1039/np9971400661

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 207 publications

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“…In vitro and animal studies indicated that triterpenoids had anticancer, antiphlogistic, antiallergic, immunomodulating, hypolipidemic, antihypertensive, antihepatotoxic, antiviral, hypoglycemic, antifungal, and molluscicidal activities (Connolly and Hill, 1997;Lacailledubois and Wagner, 1996).…”

Section: G Triterpenoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oleanolic acid is a triterpenoid that widely exists in food, medicinal herbs, and other plants (Connolly and Hill, 1997). Treatment of mice with oleanolic acid (80 and 160 mg/kg by subcutaneous injection) for three days produced a dose-dependent reduction in total liver microsomal CYP and cytochrome b(5) content, but had no effect on NADPHcytochrome c reductase activity (Liu et al, 1995).…”

Section: Zhou Et Al 54mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interactions of Herbs with Cytochrome P450

Zhou

Gao²,

Jiang

et al. 2003

Drug Metabolism Reviews

357

207

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A resurgence in the use of medical herbs in the Western world, and the co-use of modern and traditional therapies is becoming more common. Thus there is the potential for both pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic herb-drug interactions. For example, systems such as the cytochrome P450 (CYP) may be particularly vulnerable to modulation by the multiple active constituents of herbs, as it is well known that the CYPs are subject to induction and inhibition by exposure to a wide variety of xenobiotics. Using in vitro, in silico, and in vivo approaches, many herbs and natural compounds isolated from herbs have been identified as substrates, inhibitors, and/or inducers of various CYP enzymes. For example, St. John's wort is a potent inducer of CYP3A4, which is mediated by activating the orphan pregnane X receptor. It also contains ingredients that inhibit CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, and CYP3A4. Many other common medicinal herbs also exhibited inducing or inhibiting effects on the CYP system, with the latter being competitive, noncompetitive, or mechanism-based. It appears that the regulation of CYPs by herbal products is complex, depending on the herb type, their administration dose and route, the target organ and species. Due to the difficulties in identifying the active constituents responsible for the modulation of CYP enzymes, prediction of herb -drug metabolic interactions is difficult. However, herb-CYP interactions may have important clinical and toxicological consequences. For example, induction of CYP3A4 by St. John's wort may partly provide an explanation for the enhanced plasma clearance of a number of drugs, such as cyclosporine and innadivir, which are known substrates of CYP3A4, although other mechanisms including modulation of gastric absorption and drug transporters cannot be ruled out. In contrast, many organosulfur compounds, such as diallyl sulfide from garlic, are potent inhibitors of CYP2E1; this may provide an explanation for garlic's chemoproventive effects, as many mutagens require activation by CYP2E1. Therefore, known or potential herb -CYP interactions exist, and further studies on their clinical and toxicological roles are warranted. Given that increasing numbers of people are exposed to a number of herbal preparations that contain many constituents with potential of CYP modulation, high-throughput screening assays should be developed to explore herb-CYP interactions.Key Words: Herb; Cytochrome P450; Drug interactions.Abbreviations: Ah, aryl hydrocarbon; AUC, the area of the plasma concentrationtime curve; B[a]P, benzo[a]pyrene; C max , the maximum plasma concentration; CL int , intrinsic clearance; CYP, cytochrome P450; DAD, diallyl disulfide; DAS, diallyl sulfide; DASO, diallyl sulfoxide; DASO 2 , diallyl sulfone; DPS, dipropyl sulfide; DPDS, dipropyl disulfide; K i , inhibition constant; K m , Michaelis -Menten constant; NADPH, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate; NNK, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone; N-PiP, N-nitrosopiperidine; PgP, P-glycoprotein; PhIP...

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Section: G Triterpenoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Zhou Et Al 54mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions of Herbs with Cytochrome P450

Zhou

Gao²,

Jiang

et al. 2003

Drug Metabolism Reviews

357

207

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Several triterpenoids, including ursolic and oleanolic acid, betulinic acid, celastrol, pristimerin, lupeol, and avicins possess antitumor and anti-inflammatory properties [4]. Triterpenoids are terpenoid derivatives of natural products containing about thirty carbon atoms, and their structures are considered to be derived from acyclic precursor squalene [5,6]. Triterpenoids are the most abundant secondary metabolite present in marine sources, such as marine sponges [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triterpenoids as Anticancer Drugs from Marine Sponges

Kim

2014

Handbook of Anticancer Drugs From Marine Origin

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Natural products provide an important source of new therapeutic drugs and biochemical tools. In the last decades researchers of natural products chemistry focused their research in a wide variety of bioactive compounds from marine species. Marine sponges have been considered as a very fertile field for the discovery of bioactive natural chemical substances with respect to the diversity of their primary and secondary chemical components and metabolites. Triterpenoids are the most abundant secondary metabolite present in marine sponges. A large number of triterpenoids are known to exhibit cytotoxicity against a variety of tumor cells as well as anticancer efficacy in preclinical animal models. Therefore, triterpenoids from marine sponges leads to be used in the pharmaceutical industry as new chemical classes of anticancer agents.

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“…Recently, the search for novel bioactive compounds as anti-cancer agents from marine resources has gained much attention. Triterpenoids are terpenoid derivatives of natural products containing about thirty carbon atoms, and their structures are considered to be derived from the acyclic precursor squalene [1,2]. Triterpenoids are the most abundant secondary metabolite present in marine sources, such as marine sponges [3,4], sea cucumbers [5], marine algae [6], and marine-derived fungi [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triterpenoids of Marine Origin as Anti-Cancer Agents

Himaya

Kim

2013

Molecules

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Triterpenoids are the most abundant secondary metabolites present in marine organisms, such as marine sponges, sea cucumbers, marine algae and marine-derived fungi. A large number of triterpenoids are known to exhibit cytotoxicity against a variety of tumor cells, as well as anticancer efficacy in preclinical animal models. In this review efforts have been taken to review the structural features and the potential use of triterpenoids of marine origin to be used in the pharmaceutical industry as potential anti-cancer drug leads.

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Triterpenoids

Cited by 15 publications

References 207 publications

Interactions of Herbs with Cytochrome P450

Interactions of Herbs with Cytochrome P450

Triterpenoids as Anticancer Drugs from Marine Sponges

Triterpenoids of Marine Origin as Anti-Cancer Agents

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