Triterpenes from the Fungus Poria cocos and Their Inhibitory Activity on Nitric Oxide Production in Mouse Macrophages via Blockade of Activating Protein‐1 Pathway

Abstract

Two new triterpenes, 29-hydroxydehydrotumulosic acid (1) and 29-hydroxydehydropachymic acid (2), together with six known compounds, dehydropachymic acid (3), dehydrotumulosic acid (4), 29-hydroxypolyporenic acid C (5), polyporenic acid C (6), tumulosic acid (7), and pachymic acid (8), were isolated from the dried sclerotia of Poria cocos. In the in vitro bioassays, these isolated compounds reduced, in a dose-dependent manner, nitric oxide (NO) production from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells, with compounds 5 and 6, the IC(50) values of which were 16.8±2.7 and 18.2±3.3 μM, respectively, exhibiting the greatest inhibition activity. Further Western blot analysis conducted on cells pre-treated with compounds 5 and 6, and luciferase assays on activator protein 1-dependent gene expression revealed that the inhibited NO release was attributed to the reduced expression of iNOs (=inducible NO synthase) enzymes, which might be regulated via the blockade of activator protein-1 signaling pathway.

Shugan Xiaozhi Decoction Attenuates Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis by Enhancing PPARα and L‐FABP Expressions in High‐Fat‐Fed Rats

“…Many of these compounds have been reported to possess different biological activities that are related to liver protection. For example, tumulosic acid showed a moderate inhibition effect on nitric oxide (NO) release from lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced RAW 264.7 cells [29]. Saikosaponin A inhibited LPS induced nuclear factor- κ B (NF- κ B) and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) activation and the production of tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF- α ), interleukin- (IL-) 1 β , IL-6 and regulated upon activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) in primary mouse macrophages [30].…”

A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Herbal Medicine on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases

“…In vitro study shows that the extract of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae (Chen Pi) has antioxidant and antimicrobial activities [50]. Studies have shown that both Rhizoma Pinelliae (Ban Xia) and Poria (Fu Ling) have sedative effects [51, 52], which may improve the quality of sleep in COPD patients. Moreover, Rhizoma Pinelliae (Ban Xia) inhibits TNF- α -induced NF- κ B activation [53], and the extraction from Poria (Fu ling) has immunoregulatory effect [54].…”

Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf 茯苓 (Fuling, Indian Bread)

“…These triterpenes also exhibited potent respectively, exhibited the greatest inhibition activity. Luciferase assays on activator protein 1-dependent gene expression, and Western blot analysis conducted on cells pre-treated with compounds 5 and 6 revealed that the inhibited NO release was attributed to the reduced expression of iNOs enzymes [21].…”