Trisomy G/Normal Mosaicism

INJECTION OF 6‐HYDROXYDOPAMINE AND HYDROGEN PEROXIDE INTO THE SUBSTANTIA NIGRA AND LATERAL VENTRICLE OF THE CAT: SPECIFIC AND NONSPECIFIC EFFECTS ON STRIATAL BIOGENIC AMINES1

“…NUMEROUS investigators have shown that application of 6-hydroxydopamine (60HDA) to the peripheral nervous system depletes noradrenergic terminals of norepinephrine (NE) and eventually destroys them, presumably by virtue of a specific action upon catecholamine-containing neurons (LAVERTY et al, 1%5;TRANZER & THOENEN, 1%7, 1968;THOENEN & TRANZER, 1968;MALMFORS & SACHS, 1968). Application of 60HDA to the central nervous system has further confirmed its value as a tool for catecholamine depletion (UNGERSTEDT, 1968;BURKARD et al, 1%9;; FRIGYESI et nl., 1971;POIRIER et al, 1972). In spite of detailed ultrastructural (BLOOM et al, 1969;BARTHOLINI et al, 1970) fluorescence (UNGER-STEDT, 1971) and biochemical BELL et al, 1970; JONSSON Bt SACHS, 1970SACHS, , 1972 studies, the precise mechanism of the destructive action of 60HDA remains unclear.…”

“…Application of 60HDA to the central nervous system has further confirmed its value as a tool for catecholamine depletion (UNGERSTEDT, 1968;BURKARD et al, 1%9;; FRIGYESI et nl., 1971;POIRIER et al, 1972). In spite of detailed ultrastructural (BLOOM et al, 1969;BARTHOLINI et al, 1970) fluorescence (UNGER-STEDT, 1971) and biochemical BELL et al, 1970; JONSSON Bt SACHS, 1970SACHS, , 1972 studies, the precise mechanism of the destructive action of 60HDA remains unclear. Several studies have suggested a remarkably selective neurotoxic effect of 60HDA on catecholamine-containing neurons after intraventricular SCHUBERT et al, 1973) as well as after intracerebral (UNGERSTEDT, 1971 ; HOKFELT & UNGERSTEDT, 1973; MALER et al, 1973) injections.…”

Synthetic vision: a prototype display concept for commercial aircraft

“…None of these formats is "new" in a sense that it has never been implemented before, but each contains a number of specific features that are unique. Synthetic-vision research mainly focuses on elements in the PFD [2,4]. To this authors' knowledge, the current implementation is the first in which all three display formats are integrated into a synthetic vision information system.…”

“…Almost all of the synthetic vision systems proposed aim to provide an artificial presentation of the outside world as seen from the cockpit [2,4,51. Gordon [8] points out some basic questions that need to be answered before a synthetic vision system is developed.…”

“…addresses both the definition of synthetic vision and the type of operation being envisioned. Several SVS concepts discuss operations in which the synthetic image is meant as a replacement of the out-of-the-windshield view [2,4].…”