Triploidy induced by cold shock in the Asian catfish, Clarias batrachus (L.)

Manickam, P E Sampson

doi:10.1016/0044-8486(91)90180-f

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Cold shock was applied to one of the bowls to obtain triploid African catfish while the other bowl was not cold shocked, hence, regarded as the diploid control. The cold shock protocol used was according to established baseline parameters set for this species by previous authors (Wolters et al, 1981;Richter et al, 1987;Manickam, 1991;Normala et al, 2016). This involved exposing fertilized eggs to 5°C water bath for 20 mins, at approximately 3 mins after fertilization.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, the urgent need to develop management techniques for triploid African catfishes. Generally, methods for the identification and characterization of triploids includes the use of chromosome karyotyping, flow cytometry, microfluorometry, Nucleolar Organizer Region (NOR) as well as erythrocyte measurement (Beaumont and Kelly, 1989;Manickam, 1991;Felip et al, 1997;Piferrer et al, 2000;Gheyas et al, 2001;Karami et al, 2010;Normala et al, 2016). The need to continuously sacrifice fish coupled with the continuous handling of cytotoxic chemical (colchicines) makes the routine applicability of chromosome karyotyping impossible for large scale production (Child and Watkins, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphometric Variations Between Triploid and DiploidClarias gariepinus(Burchell, 1822)

Normala

Mohd

Abol

et al. 2017

Croatian Journal of Fisheries

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Several scientific methods have been described in the identification of triploid fish. However, many of these methods are not applicable for routine management purposes due to their complexity and cost. In this study, the possibility of using morphological variation as a least cost and less complex method of distinguishing triploid and diploid African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) was examined. Triploid catfish were produced by cold shock of fertilized eggs in 5°C for 20 mins (at approximately 3 mins after fertilization). The fish were incubated, hatched and raised for 3 months. Ploidy levels of the fish were then ascertained by observing the erythrocyte shape. Triploid erythrocyte was ellipsoidal in shape while diploid was round. Morphological characterization was then carried out on 100 samples each of triploid and diploid African catfish. Although significant differences were observed in many parameters, the principal morphometric difference between triploid and diploid African catfish could not be clearly distinguished. It was therefore concluded that morphological characteristics is not ideal for discriminating triploids and diploids of African catfish. The used of erythrocyte characteristics still remains the cheapest and relatively effective method for triploid and diploid determination in African catfish.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric Variations Between Triploid and DiploidClarias gariepinus(Burchell, 1822)

Normala

Mohd

Abol

et al. 2017

Croatian Journal of Fisheries

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“…1984) and African catfish, Clarias gariepinus Burchell 1822 (Richter et al. 1987), but not in Asian catfish, Clarias batrachus Bleeker (Manikan 1991). Heat shock failed to achieve a high triploid yield in European catfish (Linhart and Flajšhans 1995), while pressure shock was found to give a better triploid yield than did heat shock in blue catfish Ictalurus furcatus Lesueur (Goudie et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of methods for hatchery-scale triploidization of European catfish (Silurus glanis L.)

Linhart¹,

Haffray

Ozouf−Costaz

et al. 2001

J Appl Ichthyol

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Heat‐, cold‐ and hydrostatic pressure shocks were applied in order to improve triploidy induction in European catfish (Silurus glanis L.). A 41°C heat shock (45 s, starting 9 min after gamete activation) provided 88% triploids and a high percentage of malformation (38.8 ± 4.1%). The superior 6°C cold shock (20 min, starting 9 min after gamete activation) gave 100% triploids and a 33.4 ± 3.8% triploid yield. The earliest hydrostatic treatments (600 kg cm2), lasting 4 min and starting 3 min after gamete activation, gave 97.8 ± 1.8% triploids and a 33.7 ± 16.9% triploid yield. The ploidy level was investigated using four approaches: karyotyping, quantification of Ag‐stained nucleoli per cell, flow cytometry, and erythrocyte nuclear sizing by computer‐assisted image analysis. Induction of triploidy under mass conditions in three experiments gave triploid percentages of 74%, 83% and 66%. Five months later, the percentage of triploids significantly decreased to 12.4%, 8.2% and 21.4%. The growth performance of yearlings was better in diploids than in triploids. Differences between diploids and triploids were 13.5% (NS), 27.6% (P < 0.001) and 25.4% (P < 0.05) in the three experiments. Analysis of variance showed the influence of ploidy (P < 0.001) on growth rate, and multiple range analysis (LSD) assessed differences between total diploids (12.6 g) and total triploids (9.5 g) at the P < 0.01 level.

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“…The zebrafish (Danio rerio) mentioned in this study is used as a live model in aquaculture and human diseases due to the facts that its embryo has the characteristics of in vitro development, its eggs have the transparent quality, its mutants can be examined morphologically and also it has high fecundity (100-300 eggs) and it can be manipulated easily [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Its embryonic development is highly rapid at 26.5°C-28°C and the hatching of the eggs will begin 48-72 hours after the fertilization [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Heat Shock Application Effect on Gynogenetic Production of Zebrafish (Danio Rerio)

Ozdemir¹,

Ekici²

2017

Fish Aquac J

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The present study aimed to obtain gynogenetic zebrafish. For this purpose, zebrafish spermatozoa exposed to UV irradiation to make it haploid gynogenetic fish and heat shock was applied to haploid zygote in order to obtain gynogenetic diploid fish.Temperature, which is an important factor of the production, is taken into consideration in this study. In this respect, this study compared the results of 41.4°C and 41°C heat-shock applications and found that 12nd-24th-48th-72nd hour survival rate was maximum at 41,4°C (P<0.05). When considered from hatching rate (72th-78th hour) view at 41.4°C was 17.3 ± 3% in gynogenetic diploid group and heat-shock application at 41°C survival rate was 14 ± 2% in gynogenetic diploid group and there is no survivor in haploid group, was observed (P<0.05).The result of the karyotype analysis in haploid gynogenetic embryos, ruptured chromosome fragments was identified. Also in karyotype analysis of diploid gynogenetic embryos, 2n=50 chromosomes was identified. On 3rd day after fertilization, total body length of the haploid gynogenetic fish was 39.6% shorter and body thickness was 33% thicker than the diploid gynogenetic group. Our gynogenetic fish producing method and the different heat-shock applications improved survival rate of gynogenetic fish.

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Triploidy induced by cold shock in the Asian catfish, Clarias batrachus (L.)

Cited by 14 publications

References 9 publications

Morphometric Variations Between Triploid and DiploidClarias gariepinus(Burchell, 1822)

Morphometric Variations Between Triploid and DiploidClarias gariepinus(Burchell, 1822)

Comparison of methods for hatchery-scale triploidization of European catfish (Silurus glanis L.)

Different Heat Shock Application Effect on Gynogenetic Production of Zebrafish (Danio Rerio)

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