Triple synchronous primary gynaecological tumours. A case report

Concomitant endometrial and cervical adenocarcinoma

“…Concomitant primary malignant tumors of the female genital tract are rare. Most such cases are combined endometrial and ovarian cancer [ 1 ] of unknown etiology and pathogenesis. It has been suggested that when embryologically similar tissues are concomitantly exposed to carcinogens or irritants, synchronous neoplasms may develop.…”

Congenital genitourinary malformation in a woman with three primary gynaecological tumours: synchronous findings never before described

“…Risk factors for synchronous gynaecological malignancies include young age (premenopausal women), obesity, pelvic endometriosis, nulliparity, family history, immunological and genetic defects, prolonged exposure to carcinogens, radiation and chemotherapy for the primary cancer, and field cancerisation (when the body is exposed to carcinogens, other organs besides the organ with cancer are also exposed to the carcinogen and carry a high risk of cancer). The use of combined hormonal contraception can be a protective factor 2 3. In this case, only nulliparity is present.…”

“…The existence of these three synchronous tumours of the female reproductive tract can be linked to Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, but the lack of skin pigmentation disorders (skin and mucosa), and the absence of typical personal and family history of gastrointestinal polyps excluded this diagnosis in our patient. The Lynch syndrome can also be associated with the development of synchronous gynaecological tumours 2 3. Given the age of the patient and the absence of family history, particularly of breast and ovarian cancers, this association may have originated at some point from a genetic defect that occurred de novo in this patient, so no genetic study was performed.…”

Clinico-Morphological Features and Immunohistochemical Profile of a Rare Case of Three Synchronous Primary Malignancies in the Female Genital Tract

“…The frequency of double primary tumors is 3-5%, whereas tertiary tumors account for 0.5%, and a fourth primary tumor has a frequency of 0.3% [1]. Usually, these tumors appear during the premenopausal period in nulliparous patients and those with comorbidities such as obesity [2]. The most frequent associations of synchronous tumors are those located at the level of the uterine body (without the cervix) and the ovary, while the association of synchronous tumors at the level of the cervix and at the level of the upper half of the uterus is rare [3].…”