Triple-negative breast cancer has worse overall survival and cause-specific survival than non-triple-negative breast cancer

Li, Xiaoxian; Yang, Jing; Peng, Limin; Şahin, Ayşegül; Huo, Lei; Ward, Kevin C.; O’Regan, Ruth; Torres, Mylin A.; Meisel, Jane L.

doi:10.1007/s10549-016-4059-6

Cited by 374 publications

(282 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…[8][9][10][11] It is well known that triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a poor prognosis compared with the other molecular subtypes on account of its association with higher risk of early recurrence or distant metastasis. 12,13 Nowadays, cytotoxic chemotherapy remains the standard treatment for TNBC patients. 14 Therefore, we estimate that the staging of TNBC will have a certain degree of adjustment under the prognostic stage group of the eighth edition of the AJCC staging system for breast cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of the Prognostic Significance of the Prognostic Stage Group According to the Eighth Edition of American Cancer Joint Committee on Cancer Staging System in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: An Analysis From Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 18 Database

Luo

Chen

et al. 2020

Journal of Surgical Research

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Background: The eighth edition of the American Cancer Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system for breast cancer put forward the prognostic stage groups for the first time based on the traditional anatomic tumor-node-metastasis staging system. Our study intends to validate the predictive significance of the eighth edition staging system in triplenegative breast cancer (TNBC) patients. Materials and methods: We collected and accessed 26,589 eligible cases of TNBC from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2010-2015) and reclassified the patient cohort according to the eighth edition of the AJCC staging system into anatomic and prognostic stages. Results: The results showed that more than half of the patients upstaged in the prognostic stage when compared with the anatomic stage. By comparing with the anatomic stage, the prognostic stage had a higher likelihood ratio and linear trend c 2 values. The prognostic stage group also had higher Akaike information criterion and Bayesian information criterion values than the anatomic stage group. Conclusions: The prognostic staging system in TNBC patients performs more optimistic prognostic stratification and predictability than the anatomic staging system. Moreover,

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of the Prognostic Significance of the Prognostic Stage Group According to the Eighth Edition of American Cancer Joint Committee on Cancer Staging System in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: An Analysis From Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 18 Database

Luo

Chen

et al. 2020

Journal of Surgical Research

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“…This may be attributed widely to the administration of trastuzumab in the worldwide . On the contrary, triple‐negative BC patients had a poorer prognosis than other molecular subtypes due to the absence of effective therapy . We noted that the patients with TNM stage IIIC, ER(−), PR(−), Her‐2(−), and histological grade III showed the worst survival outcome compared with other patients, and the 5‐year OS rate of these patients was only 17.7%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

The assessment of 8th edition AJCC prognostic staging system and a simplified staging system for breast cancer: The analytic results from the SEER database

2019

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The prognostic value of the prognostic staging system that incorporated estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor‐2 (Her‐2), and histological grade has been validated in breast cancer (BC) patients, but the staging system seems to be somewhat complex. Recently, an updated bioscore system based on these tumor biological factors was proposed. The purpose of this study was to compare the prognostic stratification between prognostic staging system of American Joint Commission on Cancer (AJCC) and a simplified staging system based on the bioscore system and anatomic TNM staging for BC patients. A total of 44 593 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma who underwent radical resection between 2010 and 2011 were reviewed using the SEER database. The patients were reclassified into different groups according to the anatomic staging system, prognostic staging system, risk bioscore system, and simplified staging system, respectively. The prognostic differences between different groups were compared and clinicopathologic features were analyzed. The anatomic TNM staging failed to clearly distinguish the prognostic difference between stage IIIB and stage IIIC. Therefore, we proposed an adjusted anatomic staging, in which T1N3 and T2N3 were downstaged from stage IIIC to stage IIIB, and T4N2 was upstaged from stage IIIB to stage IIIC. Histological grade III, ER(−), PR(−), and Her‐2(−) were identified as independent prognostic factors in the multivariate analysis, and these factors were separately marked as 1 point. There were significant survival differences among different risk points except for the comparison between 0 and 1 point. The higher the risk points, the poorer the prognosis of BC patients. In addition, the curve distance between stage IIA and stage IIB was not significantly broaden according to the prognostic staging system. However, the prognostic stratification for BC patients could be significantly improved by the simplified staging system incorporated the bioscore system and adjusted anatomic staging. Several drawbacks may still exist in the prognostic staging system of AJCC. A simplified staging system that incorporated risk score system and the anatomic staging could provide more accurate prognostic information for BC patients.

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“…However, with the acceleration of urbanization in China, the incidence of breast cancer has increased rapidly since the 1990s, and the number of cases will reach 2.5 million by 2021 (2). Of all of the subtypes of breast cancer, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has the most lethal characteristics and is associated with a poor prognosis, lacking expression of the estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2/neu) (3). Due to the lack of defined molecular targets and its biological heterogeneity, there is no approved targeted therapy for TNBC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saikosaponin A Inhibits Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Growth and Metastasis Through Downregulation of CXCR4

Wang

Zhao²,

Han

et al. 2020

Front. Oncol.

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Purpose: Due to a lack of recognized molecular targets for therapy, patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), unlike other subtypes of breast cancers, generally have not benefited from the advances made with targeted agents. The CXCR4/SDF-1 axis is involved in tumor growth and metastasis of TNBC. Therefore, down-regulation of the expression of CXCR4 in cancer cells is a potential therapeutic strategy for inhibiting primary tumor growth and metastasis of TNBC. In order to identify bioactive compounds that inhibit the expression of CXCR4 in traditional Chinese medicines, we investigated the capacity of saikosaponin A (SSA), one of the active ingredients isolated from Radix bupleuri, to affect CXCR4 expression and function in TNBC cells.Methods: Analyses of cell growth, migration, invasion, and protein expression were performed. Knockdowns by small interfering RNA (siRNA) and non-invasive bioluminescence were also used.Results: SSA reduced proliferation and colony formation of SUM149 and MDA-MB-231 cells. SSA inhibited migration and invasion of TNBC cells. For mice, SSA inhibited primary tumor growth and reduced lung metastasis of highly metastatic, triple-negative 4T1-luc cells. SSA inhibited CXCR4 expression but did not regulate CXCR7 expression in vitro and in vivo. The inhibitory effects on the migration and invasion of TNBC cells were reversed by down-regulation of CXCR4 expression. In addition, SSA inactivated the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and inhibited MMP-9 and MMP-2 expression. Conclusions:The results show that SSA exerts an anti-TNBC effect through the inhibition of CXCR4 expression and thus has the potential to be a candidate therapeutic agent for TNBC patients.

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Triple-negative breast cancer has worse overall survival and cause-specific survival than non-triple-negative breast cancer

Abstract: Patients with TNBC have worse survival than patients with non-TNBC. The new AJCC staging manual should consider breast cancer biomarker information.

Cited by 374 publications

References 24 publications

Validation of the Prognostic Significance of the Prognostic Stage Group According to the Eighth Edition of American Cancer Joint Committee on Cancer Staging System in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: An Analysis From Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 18 Database

Validation of the Prognostic Significance of the Prognostic Stage Group According to the Eighth Edition of American Cancer Joint Committee on Cancer Staging System in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: An Analysis From Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 18 Database

The assessment of 8th edition AJCC prognostic staging system and a simplified staging system for breast cancer: The analytic results from the SEER database

Saikosaponin A Inhibits Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Growth and Metastasis Through Downregulation of CXCR4

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