Triple Helix in the periphery: the case of Multipolis in Northern Finland

Intermediaries in Regional Innovation Systems: High-Technology Enterprise Survey from Northern Finland

“…In this study, we broaden this perspective to a more general level with our extensive survey data that contain enterprises from the successful city region of Oulu and less-favoured rural regions beyond the Oulu functional region. In doing so, we address the failure of national and regional innovation policies to adequately recognize different needs and varying conditions between nodes and peripheral areas (Jauhiainen, 2006;Jauhiainen & Suorsa, 2008).…”

“…The other parts outside these cores are remote and agrarian areas with long distances and sparse infrastructure (Jauhiainen & Suorsa, 2008). In Figure 1, we focus our study context to a more detailed regional scale showing the distribution of R&D investments and highly educated people in the study area on the LAU 1 level.…”

“…This is the case especially in creating knowledge infrastructures. In northern Finland, this tendency manifests itself in the balancing efforts of uneven development of FUR Oulu and the rest of the northern Finland: similar measures are used in different regional context resulting in non-satisfactory and sustaining results (Jauhiainen & Suorsa, 2008).…”

“…Thus, this article aims to detail and understand the contributions of intermediaries to private sector R&D actions. We surveyed 168 hightech sector companies in the economically unevenly developed and, therefore, regionally challenging location of northern Finland. This study concentrates on the innovation activities, including R&D funding sources, high-technology enterprises, research organizations and higher education institutions (HEIs) associated with the functional urban region (FUR) of Oulu in northern Finland (Jauhiainen & Suorsa, 2008). The great physical distances between cities (nodes), the small populations and the low population densities are common geographical features of the northern parts of the Nordic countries.…”

Regional innovation systems in peripheral regions: insights from western Greece

“…I define regions as 'peripheral' within a country if located outside the main metropolitan areas, as well as being economically marginal with a low innovation base, since geographical peripherality is not necessarily co-terminus with economic weakness (e.g. Jauhiainen & Suorsa, 2008). I seek to widen the view of RIS heuristics to account for all those factors inhibiting or facilitating interactions in non-ideal-type regions.…”